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  1. Aggregate urban health statistics mask inequalities. We described maternity care in vulnerable slum communities in Mumbai, and examined differences in care and outcomes between more and less deprived groups.

    Authors: Neena Shah More, Ujwala Bapat, Sushmita Das, Sarah Barnett, Anthony Costello, Armida Fernandez and David Osrin
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:21
  2. Vietnam introduced the Health Care Fund for the Poor in 2002 to increase access to health care and reduce the financial burden of health expenditure faced by the poor and ethnic minorities. It is often argued ...

    Authors: Henrik Axelson, Sarah Bales, Pham Duc Minh, Björn Ekman and Ulf-G Gerdtham
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:20
  3. In this paper we argue the importance of including gender and sexually diverse populations in policy development towards a more inclusive form of health promotion. We emphasize the need to address the broad he...

    Authors: Nick J Mulé, Lori E Ross, Barry Deeprose, Beth E Jackson, Andrea Daley, Anna Travers and Dick Moore
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:18
  4. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between social inequalities and daily smoking among 13 and 15 year olds, and to determine the role of students' academic achievement and school satisfactio...

    Authors: Christina W Schnohr, Svend Kreiner, Mette Rasmussen, Pernille Due and Finn Diderichsen
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:17
  5. Removing user fees in primary health care services is one of the most critical policy issues being considered in Africa. User fees were introduced in many African countries during the 1980s and their impacts a...

    Authors: Jane Chuma, Janet Musimbi, Vincent Okungu, Catherine Goodman and Catherine Molyneux
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:15
  6. Much work has been done to promote sex and gender-based analyses in health research and to think critically about the influence of sex and gender on health behaviours and outcomes. However, despite this increa...

    Authors: Joy L Johnson, Lorraine Greaves and Robin Repta
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:14
  7. The HIV and AIDS epidemic in Malawi poses multiple challenges from an equity perspective. It is estimated that 12% of Malawians are living with HIV or AIDS among the 15-49 age group. This paper synthesises ava...

    Authors: Ireen Makwiza, Lot Nyirenda, Grace Bongololo, Talumba Banda, Rhehab Chimzizi and Sally Theobald
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:13
  8. Smokefree environments legislation is increasingly being implemented around the world. Evaluations largely find that the legislation is popular, compliance is high and report improved air quality and reduced e...

    Authors: Richard Edwards, Heather Gifford, Andrew Waa, Marewa Glover, George Thomson and Nick Wilson
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:12
  9. Access to affordable health care is limited in many low and middle income countries and health systems are often inequitable, providing less health services to the poor who need it most. The aim of this study ...

    Authors: Charlotte Kristiansson, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Hugo Rodriguez, Alessandro Bartoloni, Marianne Strohmeyer, Göran Tomson and Per Hartvig
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:11
  10. Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. In the developed nations where the burden from infectious diseases is lower, the burden of disease from tobacco use is especially magnifie...

    Authors: Emmanuel Rudatsikira, Adamson S Muula and Seter Siziya
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:10
  11. In contrast to the considerable evidence of inequitable distribution of health, little is known about how health services (particularly primary care services) are distributed in less developed countries. Using a ...

    Authors: Krit Pongpirul, Barbara Starfield, Supattra Srivanichakorn and Supasit Pannarunothai
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:8
  12. Child injury is an emerging public health issue in both developed and developing countries. It is the main cause of deaths and disabilities of children after infancy. The aim of this study was to investigate t...

    Authors: Sheikh M Giashuddin, Aminur Rahman, Fazlur Rahman, Saidur Rahman Mashreky, Salim Mahmud Chowdhury, Michael Linnan and Shumona Shafinaz
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:7
  13. Diabetes and its associated complications are part of a chronic disease global epidemic that presents a public health challenge. Epidemiologists examining health differences between men and women are being cha...

    Authors: Janet F Grant, Neville Hicks, Anne W Taylor, Catherine R Chittleborough and Patrick J Phillips
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:6
  14. Since the late 1980s, the policy of the Japanese government regarding physician manpower has been to decrease the number of medical students. However, the shortage of doctors in Japan has become a social probl...

    Authors: Shin-ichi Toyabe
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:5
  15. In this paper we seek to tease out differences in socioeconomic position between ethnic groups. There are 3 main reasons why conventional socioeconomic indicators and asset based measures may not be equally ap...

    Authors: Margaret Kelaher, Sheila Paul, Helen Lambert, Waqar Ahmad and George Davey Smith
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:4
  16. A growing body of literature has demonstrated that higher social capital is associated with improved health conditions. However, some research indicated that the association between social capital and health w...

    Authors: Xiaojie Sun, Clas Rehnberg and Qingyue Meng
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:2
  17. Child vaccination is one of the public health interventions that are responsible for the relatively low child morbidity and mortality in developed nations compared to the developing world. We carried out this ...

    Authors: Adamson S Muula, Martine Y Polycarpe, Jayakaran Job, Seter Siziya and Emmanuel Rudatsikira
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2009 8:1
  18. 'Caring for Country' is defined as Indigenous participation in interrelated activities with the objective of promoting ecological and human health. Ecological services on Indigenous-owned lands are belatedly a...

    Authors: Christopher P Burgess, Helen L Berry, Wendy Gunthorpe and Ross S Bailie
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:26
  19. The former soviet Republic of Armenia entered a turbulent and long-lasting economic transition when it declared its independence in 1991. This analysis sought to identify the determinants of poor self-rated he...

    Authors: Anahit Demirchyan and Michael E Thompson
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:25
  20. While Arab countries showed an impressive decline in child mortality rates during the past few decades, gaps in mortality by gender and socioeconomic status persisted. However, large socioeconomic disparities ...

    Authors: Marwan Khawaja, Jesse Dawns, Sonya Meyerson-Knox and Rouham Yamout
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:24
  21. As China re-establishes its health insurance system through various cooperative schemes, little is known about schoolchildren's health insurance. This paper reports findings from a study that examined schoolch...

    Authors: Jane M Zhu, Yiliang Zhu and Rui Liu
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:23
  22. Trafficking in women and children is a gross violation of human rights. However, this does not prevent an estimated 800 000 women and children to be trafficked each year across international borders. Eighty pe...

    Authors: Christine Joffres, Edward Mills, Michel Joffres, Tinku Khanna, Harleen Walia and Darrin Grund
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:22
  23. In many diseases men and women, for no apparent medical reason, are not offered the same investigations and treatment in health care. This may be due to staff's stereotypical preconceptions about men and women...

    Authors: Jenny Andersson, Pär Salander, Marie Brandstetter-Hiltunen, Emma Knutsson and Katarina Hamberg
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:21
  24. Earlier studies have mainly reported the use of antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers and statins among hospital patient populations or MI patients. This study aimed to describe the use of these drugs among midd...

    Authors: Kristiina Manderbacka, Ilmo Keskimäki, Antti Reunanen and Timo Klaukka
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:16
  25. Equitable financing is a key objective of health care systems. Its importance is evidenced in policy documents, policy statements, the work of health economists and policy analysts. The conventional categorisa...

    Authors: Chai Ping Yu, David K Whynes and Tracey H Sach
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:15
  26. Large inequalities of mortality by most cancers in general, by mouth and pharynx cancer in particular, have been associated to behaviour and geopolitical factors. The assessment of socioeconomic covariates of ...

    Authors: José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes, Carme Borrell, Glòria Pérez, Antonio Fernando Boing and Victor Wünsch-Filho
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:14
  27. Social networks and social support are supposed to contribute to the development of unequal health within populations. However, little is known about their socio-economic distribution. In this study, we explor...

    Authors: Simone Weyers, Nico Dragano, Susanne Möbus, Eva-Maria Beck, Andreas Stang, Stephan Möhlenkamp, Karl Heinz Jöckel, Raimund Erbel and Johannes Siegrist
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:13
  28. As pharmaceutical expenditure continues to rise, third-party payers in most high-income countries have increasingly shifted the burden of payment for prescription drugs to patients. A large body of literature ...

    Authors: Marin C Gemmill, Sarah Thomson and Elias Mossialos
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:12
  29. User fees were introduced in public health facilities in Cambodia in 1997 in order to inject funds into the health system to enhance the quality of services. Because of inadequate health insurance, a social sa...

    Authors: Sokrin Khun and Lenore Manderson
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:10
  30. This paper highlights the socio-economic impacts of HIV/AIDS on women. It argues that the socio-cultural beliefs that value the male and female lives differently lead to differential access to health care serv...

    Authors: Pamella A Opiyo, Takashi Yamano and TS Jayne
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:8
  31. While the importance of promoting equity to achieve health is now recognised, the health gap continues to increase globally between and within countries. The description that follows looks at how the Cape Town...

    Authors: Vera Scott, Ruth Stern, David Sanders, Gavin Reagon and Verona Mathews
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:6
  32. Perceived racial discrimination is one factor which may discourage ethnic minorities from using healthcare. However, existing research only partially explains why some persons do accept health promotion messag...

    Authors: Ann Carroll Klassen, Katherine C Smith, Salma Shariff-Marco and Hee-Soon Juon
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:5
  33. Use of psychotropic drugs is widespread in Europe, and is markedly more common in France than elsewhere. Young adults often fare less well than adolescents on health indicators (injury, homicide, and substance...

    Authors: Nearkasen Chau, Michèle Baumann, Bruno Falissard and Marie Choquet
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:3
  34. This study examines associations between female participation in a microcredit program in India, known as self help groups (SHGs), and women's health in the south Indian state of Kerala. Because SHGs do not ha...

    Authors: KS Mohindra, Slim Haddad and D Narayana
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:2
  35. Health insurance coverage for all citizens is often considered a requisite for reducing disparities in health care accessibility. In Germany, health insurees are covered either by statutory health insurance (S...

    Authors: Markus Lungen, Bjoern Stollenwerk, Philipp Messner, Karl W Lauterbach and Andreas Gerber
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:1
  36. Until 2005, the Malawi National Tuberculosis Control Programme had been implemented as a vertical programme. Working within the Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) provides a new environment and new opportunities for ...

    Authors: Bertha Nhlema Simwaka, George Bello, Hastings Banda, Rhehab Chimzizi, Bertel SB Squire and Sally J Theobald
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2007 6:24
  37. In recent years, interest in the study of inequalities in health has not stopped at quantifying their magnitude; explaining the sources of inequalities has also become of great importance. This paper measures ...

    Authors: Vasoontara Yiengprugsawan, Lynette LY Lim, Gordon A Carmichael, Alexandra Sidorenko and Adrian C Sleigh
    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2007 6:23

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