Table 3 Associations of the undocumented status with well-being outcomes after adjusting for potential confounders

Physical well-being

 Self-rated health

(average or worse)

1.43

(0.62, 3.29)

-

0.398

0.427

1.68

 Occupational injury

2.03

(0.93, 4.46)

-

0.077

0.105

2.20

Health behavior

 Cigarette smoking

2.05

(1.11, 3.78)

-

0.022

0.047*

2.22

Alcohol consumption level

 – moderate vs. none

1.52 (0.94, 2.46)

-

0.086

0.105

1.77

 – heavy vs. none

5.66 (1.82, 17.57)

-

0.003

0.041*

4.19

 Irregular meal pattern

1.77

(1.05, 3.01)

-

0.034

0.056

2.00

Psychological well-being

 Happiness

-

-0.65

(-0.89, -0.40)

< 0.001

< 0.001*

-

 GAD-2 > = 3

4.99

(2.79, 8.92)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001*

3.89

 PHQ-2 > = 3

3.40

(1.84, 6.26)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001*

3.09

 Mental illness score

-

1.57

(1.11, 2.03)

< 0.001

< 0.001*

-

Social well-being

-

 Having a person to talk

to when lonely

0.84

(0.47, 1.53)

-

0.576

0.576

1.40

 Having a person to ask for help when in trouble

0.78

(0.46, 1.32)

-

0.358

0.413

1.51

 Recreational community participation

0.20

(0.10, 0.41)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001*

3.92

 Ethnic community participation

0.38

(0.22, 0.67)

-

< 0.001

0.002*

2.63

 Religious community participation

0.53

(0.29, 0.96)

-

0.038

0.056

2.09