Table 1 Participants’ characteristics and group differences (N = 1675)
Variable†|  | Cluster A | Cluster B | Cluster C | Cluster D | Cluster E | Cluster F | Cluster G | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole sample (n = 1675) | Fully dependent without impaired vision (n = 299) | Fully dependent (n = 166) | Intact vision and transfer (n = 254) | Intact continence and vision (n = 305) | Able to groom (n = 132) | Limited locomotion (n = 298) | Least dependent (n = 221) | ||
n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | ||
Age (years) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
60 − 74 | 642 (38.3) | 106 (35.5) | 43 (25.9) | 69 (27.2) | 117 (38.4) | 57 (43.2) | 142 (47.7) | 108 (48.9) |  |
75 − 84 | 540 (32.3) | 102 (34.1) | 61 (36.8) | 82 (32.3) | 95 (31.1) | 35 (26.5) | 93 (31.2) | 72 (32.6) |  |
≥85 | 493 (29.4) | 91 (30.4) | 62 (37.3) | 103 (40.5) | 93 (30.5) | 40 (30.3) | 63 (21.1) | 41 (18.5) |  |
Female | 826 (49.3) | 152 (50.8) | 82 (49.4) | 124 (48.8) | 151 (49.5) | 61 (46.2) | 151 (50.7) | 105 (47.5) | 0.970 |
Married | 1373 (82.0) | 251 (84.0) | 125 (75.3) | 207 (81.5) | 263 (86.2) | 114 (86.4) | 243 (81.5) | 170 (76.9) | 0.019 |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.150 |
Illiterate | 856 (51.1) | 155 (51.8) | 99 (59.6) | 139 (54.7) | 146 (47.9) | 69 (52.3) | 154 (51.7) | 94 (42.5) | Â |
Primary school | 512 (30.6) | 98 (32.8) | 39 (23.5) | 72 (28.4) | 95 (31.1) | 39 (29.5) | 90 (30.2) | 79 (35.8) | Â |
Middle school or higher | 307 (18.3) | 46 (15.4) | 28 (16.9) | 43 (16.9)a | 64 (21.0) | 24 (18.2) | 54 (18.1) | 48 (21.7) | Â |
Low income | 223 (13.3) | 36 (12.0) | 17 (10.2) | 33 (13.0) | 37 (12.1) | 15 (11.4) | 42 (14.1) | 43 (19.5) | 0.125 |
Living with family members | 1283 (76.6) | 215 (71.9) | 144 (86.7) | 210 (82.7) | 233 (76.4) | 104 (78.8) | 224 (75.2) | 153 (69.2) | < 0.001 |
Self-rated health | 2.2 ± 0.90 | 2.0 ± 0.88 | 1.8 ± 0.80 | 2.2 ± 0.82 | 2.2 ± 0.80 | 2.4 ± 0.98 | 2.3 ± 0.90 | 2.6 ± 0.93 | < 0.001 |
Informal care time (hours per month) | 274.5 ± 238.5 | 242.0 ± 235.2 | 392.8 ± 277.9 | 265.1 ± 217.8 | 299.8 ± 243.8 | 245.4 ± 224.0 | 265.3 ± 227.7 | 235.5 ± 219.3 | < 0.001 |
Formal care time (hours per month) | 67.0 ± 183.9 | 116.2 ± 222.8 | 111.4 ± 245.0 | 61.2 ± 169.8 | 85.8 ± 213.6 | 38.9 ± 152.8 | 22.1 ± 94.9 | 24.9 ± 111.4 | < 0.001 |