Catastrophic health expenditure and its association with socioeconomic status in China: evidence from the 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Table 1 Thresholds (%) for catastrophic health expenditure across annual per-capita household expenditure quintile over years.

Quintiles^a	2011				2013				2015				2018
	Fixed threshold	Variable thresholds			Fixed threshold	Variable thresholds			Fixed threshold	Variable thresholds			Fixed threshold	Variable thresholds
	Fixed threshold	Q1 = 40%^b	Q3 = 40%^c	Q5 = 40%^d	Fixed threshold	Q1 = 40%^b	Q3 = 40%^c	Q5 = 40%^d	Fixed threshold	Q1 = 40%^b	Q3 = 40%^c	Q5 = 40%^d	Fixed threshold	Q1 = 40%^b	Q3 = 40%^c	Q5 = 40%^d
Q1	40.00	40.00	21.17	4.64	40.00	40.00	20.61	1.65	40.00	40.00	18.55	1.57	40.00	40.00	29.58	11.23
Q2		57.93	30.66	6.73		59.39	30.60	2.46		64.02	29.70	2.51		46.70	34.54	13.11
Q3		75.59	40.00	8.78		77.63	40.00	3.21		86.23	40.00	3.38		54.09	40.00	15.19
Q4		100.00	92.55	20.31		100.00	100.00	9.74		100.00	100.00	11.02		62.19	45.99	17.46
Q5		100.00	100.00	40.00		100.00	100.00	40.00		100.00	100.00	40.00		100.00	100.00	40.00

^aQuintile 1 is the poorest and Quintile 5 is the wealthiest
^bQ1 = 40% means that 40% was selected as the threshold level for Q1, and the thresholds for other quintiles were estimated by multiplying 40% by the ratio of average food expenditure in certain quintile to that in Q1
^cQ3 = 40% means that 40% was selected as the threshold level for Q3, and the thresholds for other quintiles were estimated by multiplying 40% by the ratio of average food expenditure in certain quintile to that in Q3
^dQ5 = 40% means that 40% was selected as the threshold level for Q5, and the thresholds for other quintiles were estimated by multiplying 40% by the ratio of average food expenditure in certain quintile to that in Q5

ISSN: 1475-9276