Table 4 Multivariate Logistic regression results on health care utilization of the poor

Poverty (ref = non-poor)

1.152***

1.008

1.194***

1.393***

Predisposing characteristics

Gender (ref = male)

1.130***

1.114***

1.248***

1.160***

Age (ref = 15–34)

35–45

1.526***

1.274***

0.746***

0.739***

45–60

2.587***

1.895***

0.617***

0.861***

60+

3.710***

2.265***

1.102**

1.485***

Rurality (ref = urban)

1.260***

1.151***

1.124***

1.115***

Marriage (ref = unmarried and other)

1.060**

1.101***

1.618***

1.472***

Education (ref = high school and above)

Illiterate

1.037

1.041

1.188***

0.937*

Primary school

1.096***

1.112***

1.345***

1.050*

Junior school

1.004

1.053**

1.179***

1.005

Occupation (ref = employment)

Unemployment or out of labor force

1.055*

1.142***

1.456***

1.700***

Other

1.273***

1.407***

1.414***

1.302***

Area (ref = eastern)

Middle

0.667***

0.757***

1.205***

1.214***

Western

0.853***

0.915***

1.321***

1.324***

Enabling resources

Insurance (ref = not insured)

Urban employee medical insurance

1.308***

1.167**

2.117***

2.107***

Urban resident medical insurance

1.548***

1.196**

1.539***

1.558***

Urban and rural resident medical insurance

1.382***

1.471***

1.747***

1.684***

New cooperative medical insurance

1.447***

1.218***

1.562***

1.437***

Other

1.693***

1.800***

1.613***

1.860***

Health care need

Self-rated health (ref = the lowest 1/3 quantile)

Middle 1/3 quantile

0.444***

0.493***

0.366***

0.410***

The highest 1/3 quantile

0.315***

0.284***

0.270***

0.278***

Observations

209,153

212,616

209,153

212,616