Fig. 1

Differences in IWISE scale scores between women and men, adjusted for key sociodemographic variables, using nationally representative samples of individuals from the 2020 Gallup World Poll (n = 2,972; Honduras n = 949; Brazil n = 974; Guatemala n = 1049). Datapoints indicate β coefficients and horizontal lines indicate 95% CIs. Coefficients and 95% CIs for each country were estimated from multivariable linear regression models that regressed IWISE score on an indicator of female gender (reference is male gender), controlling for urbanicity, income bracket, difficulty getting by on household income, employment status, age, household size, marital status, and education (further adjusting for country in the pooled regional model). The adjusted mean IWISE scores for women and men are the marginal means obtained from these models when all other variables are held constant at their means. Due to rounding, the differences in marginal means can differ from the coefficients by 1 decimal point. IWISE = Individual Water Insecurity Experiences. This figure is replicated, with permission, from [13]