Table 1 Characteristics of included studies (per administrative region)

B. Wabo et al. 2019 [30]

Centre region

(YUTH, YGOPH)

Cross-sectional study

Women (25–65 years)

523 women

Questionnaires

No screening

209/523 (40%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

J.S. Dohbit et al. 2018 [31]

Far North region (seven hospitals with maternity unit in Maroua)

Cross-sectional study

Post-partum women (25–45 years)

622 women

Questionnaires

No screening

16/622 (2.6%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

J.F. Domgue et al. 2020 [25]

North-west region (Seven remote villages)

Community intervention

Non-pregnant women (30–65 years)

1292 women

Case forms

Screening (self-HPV, VIA/VILI-DC in HPV -positive)

60/1292 (4.7%)

1270/1292 (98.3%)

Thermal ablation (161/182 = 88.5%)

LEEP (1/1)

- Women treated with thermal ablation to follow-up > 1 year

L. Donatus et al. 2019 [16]

North-west region (Kumbo-west HD)

Cross-sectional study

Women 25–65 years

253 women

Questionnaires

No screening

110/253 (43.48%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

G.E. Halle-Ekane et al. 2018 [29]

South-west region (University of Buea)

Cross-sectional study

Male & female students > 16 years

416 students (208 males, 208 females)

Questionnaires

No screening

10/208 (4.8% did Pap smear)

N/A

N/A

N/A

A. Adedimeji et al. 2021 [23]

South-west region (Limbe Regional Hospital)

Qualitative study

Women (≥ 25 years) and men

80 women

20 men

08 FGDs

08 IDI

Screening (HPV-self collection)

None (due to inclusion criteria)

N/A

N/A

N/A

A. Tassang et al. 2020 [21]

South-west (Buea Regional Hospital Annex)

Cross-sectional study (Intervention)

Women ≥ 21 years

140 women

Questionnaire

Screening (VIA/VILI-colposcopy)

37/124 (29.8%)

124/140 (88.6%)

Thermocoagulation (0/1 treated)

LEEP (1/1 treated)

Follow-up for negative cases after 03 years

C. Eakin et al. 2018 [19]

South-west region (University of Buea)

Cross-sectional study (Intervention)

Women ≥ 21 years

(faculty, staff and students)

120 women

Questionnaires

Screening (VIA/VILI)

39/120 (32.5%)

115/120

(95.8%)

Thermocoagulation (5/5)

LEEP (2/2 received)

- Low-grade lesions in 21–24 years to repeat screening > 1 year

P.M. Tebeu et al. 2020 [24]

West region (health facilities in Mifi HD)

Cross-sectional study

HCPs (MD, nurses, midwives)

200 HCPs

Questionnaires

No screening

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

M. Pham et al. 2022 [33] & P. Hämmerli et al. 2022 [32] & J. Levy et al. 2020 [28] & A.M. Datchoua et al. 2021 [22] & A.N. Roux et al. 2021 [17]

West region (Dschang HD)

Community intervention

Women 30–49 years

1940 women in Dschang or surroundings

Questionnaires

Screening (selfHPV, VIA/VILI in HPV +)

N/A

100%

- Thermal ablation

- LLETZ/LEEP

N/A

Qualitative study

CHW aged 21–77 years

11 CHWs

11 IDI

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Community intervention

Women 30–49 years

840 women

Case report forms

Screening (self-HPV, VIA/VILI in HPV + women

N/A

100%

- Thermal ablation (100%)

- LEEP

After 5 years if HPV-

After 1 year if HPV + & VIA/VILI -

After 1 & 6 months if treated

Qualitative study

Women 30–49 years and men

31 women

12 men

6 FGD

Screening (self-HPV)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

West region (Dschang & Mbouda HD)

Qualitative study

HCP working in Dschang & Mbouda

16 HCPs

04 FGD Questionnaires

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

M. Viviano et al. [26] & M. Kunckler et al. 2017 [20]

West region (Dschang HD)

Community intervention

Women 30–49 years

1012 women

Data collection forms

Screening (self-HPV, VIA/VILI)

N/A

HPV-100%

VIA/VILI in 98.9% of HPV + 

- Thermal coagulation

Repeat screening > 5 years if HPV neg –Control > 1 month if treated

R.T. Simo et al. 2021 [18]

West region (Djeleng & King Palace centres)

Intervention

Asymptomatic women (23–60 years)

228 women

Questionnaires

Screening (Pap smear)

4/228 (1.75%)

182/228 (79.8%)

N/A

N/A

P. Cholli et al. 2017 [34]

South-west & Littoral(Mutengene & Mboppi Baptist hospitals)

Prospective (Intervention)

Women ≥ 30 years

1170 women

Questionnaires

Screening(clinician HPV & VIA/VILI-DC co-testing)

N/A

100%

- Thermal ablation, LEEP

- Cryotherapy

Total: 18/44

Participants’ phone numbers collected

G.DeGregorio et al. 2016 & 2017 [9, 27]

07 CBCHS WHP hospitals (multiregional)

Retrospective study (2007–2014)

HIV + women ≥ 21 years

HIV-negative if ≥ 25 years

44 979 women

Medical history

Screening (VIA/VILI-DC)

N/A

44 979/46 048 (97.7%)

- Same-day cryotherapy – 219/705(31.1%)

- LEEP-unknown

VIA/VILI inadequate advised to return after one year for follow-up