Income-related equity in inpatient care utilization and unmet needs between 2013 and 2018 in Tibet, China

Zhuoga, Cidan; Cuomu, Zhaxi; Li, Shunping; Dou, Lei; Li, Chaofan; Dawa, Zhaxi

doi:10.1186/s12939-023-01889-4

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 3 Decomposition of concentration index for inpatient care utilization among Tibetan in 2013 and 2018

Inpatient care utilization	2013					2018
Inpatient care utilization	CI	β	Elasticity	Contribution	Contribution (%)	CI	β	Elasticity	Contribution	Contribution (%)
Need variables				-0.010	-5.75				-0.023	-59.37
Female (ref. Male)	-0.008	0.522^***	0.198	-0.002	-0.88	-0.004	0.590^**	0.236	-0.001	-2.70
Age 30–44 (ref. 16–29)	0.007	-0.464^***	-0.103	-0.001	-0.43	0.003	-0.813^***	-0.201	-0.001	-1.52
Age 45–59	0.005	-0.617^***	-0.117	-0.001	-0.31	0.042	-1.174^***	-0.276	-0.012	-30.26
Age 60+	-0.027	-0.686^***	-0.079	0.002	1.21	-0.041	-0.885^***	-0.113	0.005	11.94
EQ-VAS	0.011	-0.022^***	-1.157	-0.013	-7.20	0.022	-0.015^***	-0.785	-0.017	-44.14
Chronic disease: 1 kind (ref. No)	-0.015	0.680^***	0.073	-0.001	-0.62	0.017	0.568^***	0.112	0.002	4.97
2 kinds	0.005	0.701^***	0.060	0.000	0.17	0.009	1.046^***	0.081	0.001	1.96
3 kinds and above	0.069	1.258^***	0.059	0.004	2.32	0.004	1.200^***	0.041	0.000	0.38
Non-need variables				0.142	79.92				0.045	116.35
Log of income	0.070	0.831^**	2.218	0.154	87.09	0.066	0.123	0.350	0.023	59.79
Married (ref. Unmarried)	0.016	0.545^***	0.289	0.005	2.62	0.013	0.822^***	0.473	0.006	15.70
Divorced	-0.097	-0.150	-0.010	0.001	0.53	0.000	0.675^***	0.048	0.000	-0.05
Retired (ref. Employed)	0.620	0.933^***	0.013	0.008	4.68	0.616	0.616^**	0.009	0.006	14.71
Unemployed	0.035	0.241^*	0.027	0.001	0.54	-0.083	0.017	0.002	0.000	-0.47
Primary school (ref. Lower than primary school)	0.013	-0.029	-0.006	0.000	-0.05	0.006	0.250^**	0.063	0.000	1.03
Junior middle school	0.089	0.116	0.008	0.001	0.39	0.108	0.032	0.003	0.000	0.76
Senior middle school	0.303	-0.170	-0.007	-0.002	-1.14	0.295	0.190	0.010	0.003	7.65
NRCMS (ref. No)	-0.064	-0.578	-0.344	0.022	12.41	-0.053	-0.044	-0.028	0.002	3.89
URBMI (ref. No)	0.260	-1.300^***	-0.135	-0.035	-19.82	0.109	-0.133	-0.016	-0.002	-4.45
UEBMI (ref. No)	0.698	-1.200^**	-0.019	-0.013	-7.33	0.621	0.361	0.009	0.006	14.76
Other health insurance (ref. No)	0.000	0.001	0.507	0.000	0.00	0.216	0.314	0.005	0.001	3.04
Residual				0.046	25.83				0.017	43.01

^*, P < 0.05; ^**, P < 0.01; ^***, P < 0.001.CI, concentration index; EQ-VAS, EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale; NRCMS, New Rural Cooperative Medical Schemes; URBMI, Urban Residents Basic Medical Insurance; UEBMI, Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance

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