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Table 5 Odds ratios for the association between immigrant status and selected health status indicators of household population aged 12 or older

From: Dental health status, dentist visiting, and dental insurance of Asian immigrants in Canada

 

Unadjusted OR

Age-adjusted OR

Adjusted OR‡

Adjusted OR§

Self-perceived teeth health (Fair/Poor)

Canadian born residences†

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Non-Asian immigrants

1.30(1.12–1.49)**

1.20(1.04–1.38)*

1.13(0.97–1.32)

1.13(0.96–1.32)

Asian immigrants

1.61(1.32–1.95)**

1.63(1.34–1.98)**

1.59(1.30–1.94)**

1.50(1.22–1.84)**

Recent Asian immigrants

1.45(1.06–1.99)*

1.62(1.18–2.24)**

1.47(1.04–2.08)*

1.23(0.86–1.75)

Long-term Asian immigrants

1.70(1.35–2.15)**

1.63(1.29–2.07)**

1.66(1.30–2.11)**

1.67(1.29–2.17)**

Dental symptoms in the past 1 month (Yes)

Canadian born residences†

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Non-Asian immigrants

0.85(0.76–0.94)**

0.96(0.86–1.08)

0.96(0.86–1.08)

0.97(0.86–1.09)

Asian immigrants

1.00(0.86–1.15)

0.98(0.85–1.14)

0.98(0.85–1.14)

0.99(0.85–1.15)

Recent Asian immigrants

1.02(0.81–1.28)

0.92(0.72–1.16)

0.89(0.70–1.13)

0.88(0.69–1.13)

Long-term Asian immigrants

0.98(0.83–1.16)

1.03(0.87–1.22)

1.04(0.88–1.23)

1.06(0.89–1.25)

Teeth removed due to decay in past 1 year (Yes)

Canadian born residences†

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Non-Asian immigrants

1.69(1.32–2.16)**

1.37(1.07–1.77)*

1.33(1.02–1.73)*

1.36(1.05–1.77)*

Asian immigrants

1.93(1.45–2.58)**

1.94(1.45–2.60)**

1.90(1.42–2.55)**

2.03(1.51–2.73)**

Recent Asian immigrants

1.75(0.96–3.21)**

2.32(1.24–4.34)**

2.24(1.20–4.18)*

2.45(1.30–4.63)**

Long-term Asian immigrants

2.04(1.49–2.81)**

1.78(1.28–2.47)**

1.77(1.27–2.46)**

1.88(1.35–2.60)**

  1. Data source: Combined Canadian Community Healthy Survey annual data of 2012, 2013, and 2014
  2. Note: All data are weighted by the rescaled weights. The average of the rescaled weights being 1, many of the data would be fractions.
  3. Abbreviations: OR = odds ratio.
  4. †Reference group.
  5. *Significantly different from Canadian born residences (p < 0.05), using bootstrap.
  6. **Highly significant different from Canadian born residences (p < 0.01), using bootstrap.
  7. ‡ Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, household income, diabetes status, smoking status, alcohol consumption, immigration length, and knowledge of official language.
  8. § Adjusted for all factors which include age, sex, marital status, official language, education, household income, diabetes status, smoking status, alcohol consumption, knowledge of official language, teeth brush, visiting dentist more than once per year, and dental insurance coverage.