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Table 2 Relative inequalities in mortality during the first COVID-19 wave among the Belgian population aged 25–64 years, by gender

From: Are we really all in this together? The social patterning of mortality during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium

  Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5
MRR 95% C.I. MRR 95% C.I. MRR 95% C.I. MRR 95% C.I. MRR 95% C.I.
Men - 2020
 Age at census 1.10 1.09–1.10 1.10 1.09–1.10 1.10 1.09–1.10 1.10 1.09–1.10 1.09 1.09–1.10
 Educational level
  Primary or less 1.51 1.37–1.67 1.28 1.15–1.41 1.29 1.17–1.43 1.23 1.11–1.36 1.18 1.06–1.30
  Lower secondary 1.21 1.12–1.31 1.23 1.13–1.33 1.12 1.03–1.22 1.14 1.05–1.24 1.13 1.04–1.22
  Upper secondary 0.87 0.81–0.94 1.00 0.93–1.09 0.91 0.84–0.99 0.94 0.87–1.03 0.96 0.88–1.04
  Higher education 0.56 0.51–0.62 0.76 0.69–0.85 0.72 0.64–0.80 0.75 0.67–0.84 0.78 0.70–0.87
  Missing 1.13 1.02–1.25 0.83 0.75–0.93 1.06 0.93–1.20 1.01 0.89–1.14 1.01 0.89–1.14
 Income level
  Low    1.38 1.28–1.47 1.41 1.32–1.51 1.38 1.29–1.48 1.12 1.03–1.21
  Middle    0.74 0.68–0.80 0.72 0.67–0.79 0.81 0.75–0.88 0.80 0.74–0.87
  High    0.50 0.46–0.55 0.48 0.44–0.52 0.57 0.52–0.62 0.62 0.57–0.68
  Missing    1.95 1.75–2.17 2.05 1.84–2.29 1.57 1.40–1.75 1.80 1.61–2.01
 Migrant background
  Belgian      1.28 1.18–1.39 1.21 1.11–1.31 1.20 1.11–1.30
  FG non-Belgian      0.69 0.62–0.77 0.78 0.70–0.86 0.80 0.72–0.89
  SG non-Belgian      1.14 1.02–1.28 1.07 0.95–1.20 1.04 0.93–1.17
 Living situation
  With partner        0.45 0.41–0.48 0.48 0.44–0.52
  Without partner        0.97 0.89–1.05 0.99 0.91–1.07
  Other        0.83 0.74–0.93 0.89 0.79–1.00
  Collective HH        2.79 2.38–3.27 2.37 2.03–2.77
 Chronic disease
  No          0.63 0.59–0.67
  Yes          1.58 1.49–1.68
 Likelihood-ratio test 1979.89 399.63 83.29 380.62 231.85
 Prob > chi2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Women - 2020
 Age at census 1.10 1.09–1.11 1.10 1.09–1.11 1.10 1.09–1.11 1.10 1.09–1.10 1.09 1.09–1.10
 Educational level
  Primary or less 1.59 1.41–1.81 1.45 1.27–1.64 1.48 1.30–1.68 1.36 1.19–1.54 1.30 1.14–1.47
  Lower secondary 1.11 1.00–1.24 1.10 0.98–1.22 0.96 0.86–1.08 0.99 0.88–1.11 0.97 0.86–1.08
  Upper secondary 0.79 0.71–0.87 0.86 0.77–0.95 0.74 0.67–0.83 0.78 0.70–0.88 0.80 0.71–0.89
  Higher education 0.60 0.54–0.68 0.82 0.72–0.93 0.74 0.64–0.84 0.80 0.70–0.91 0.84 0.73–0.96
  Missing 1.19 1.04–1.37 0.90 0.78–1.05 1.29 1.07–1.55 1.19 1.00–1.42 1.20 1.01–1.42
 Income level
  Low    1.02 0.93–1.12 1.03 0.94–1.13 1.19 1.08–1.30 0.92 0.83–1.02
  Middle    0.85 0.76–0.95 0.82 0.73–0.92 0.90 0.80–1.01 0.86 0.77–0.97
  High    0.52 0.45–0.60 0.49 0.42–0.56 0.54 0.46–0.62 0.60 0.51–0.69
  Missing    2.22 1.92–2.55 2.42 2.09–2.79 1.74 1.49–2.03 2.12 1.81–2.47
 Migrant background
  Belgian      1.34 1.20–1.50 1.29 1.16–1.43 1.29 1.16–1.43
  FG non-Belgian      0.58 0.49–0.68 0.65 0.56–0.76 0.67 0.58–0.78
  SG non-Belgian      1.29 1.11–1.50 1.19 1.03–1.39 1.16 1.00–1.35
 Living situation
  With partner        0.37 0.33–0.41 0.42 0.37–0.46
  Without partner        0.74 0.67–0.83 0.74 0.67–0.83
  Other        0.80 0.68–0.94 0.84 0.71–0.99
  Collective HH        4.52 3.67–5.57 3.83 3.14–4.68
 Chronic disease
  No          0.57 0.53–0.61
  Yes          1.76 1.64–1.90
 Likelihood-ratio test 1265.05 135.76 82.92 299.17 230.52
 Prob > chi2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
  1. MRR Mortality rate ratio, C.I. Confidence interval
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International Journal for Equity in Health

ISSN: 1475-9276

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