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Table.1 Characteristics of 54-65 year olds in three birth cohorts (1928-1937, 1938-1947, 1948-1957)

From: Changes in the role of explanatory factors for socioeconomic inequalities in physical performance: a comparative study of three birth cohorts

  

28/37-cohort

38/47-cohort

48/57-cohort

p Value

 

N

M (SD) /%

M(SD) /%

M(SD) /%

t/F test

Age

3013

60 (3)

60 (3)

60 (3)

<0.01

Sex (0-1)

     

Women

3013

516 (52)

527 (53)

527 (52)

 

Physical performance (3-12)

2815

8 (2)

9 (2)

9 (2)

<0.05

Education (5-18)

3011

9 (3)

10 (3)

12 (3)

<0.001

Occupational level

    

<0.001

Elementary

224

77 (9)

74 (8)

73 (8)

 

Low

800

312 (35)

301 (31)

187 (20)

 

Medium

1037

341 (38)

351 (36)

345 (36)

 

High

565

113 (13)

195 (20)

257 (27)

 

Scientific

185

51 (6)

42 (4)

92 (10)

 

Income (317-2439)

2904

1065 (458)

1137 (366)

1615 (408)

<0.001

Behavioural factors

     

Smoking (0-1)

    

<0.05

No or quit >15 years

1489

436 (49)

486 (53)

567 (64)

 

yes or quit </= 15 years

1207

454 (51)

433 (47)

320 (36)

 

Alcohol (0-1)

    

<0.001

<5

172

41 (5)

71 (8)

60 (7)

 

>=5

2524

849 (95)

848 (92)

827 (93)

 

Physical activity score (0-371)a

2959

65 (64)

55 (54)

53 (49)

 

BMI (19-45)

2658

28 (4)

27 (4)

27 (5)

<0.001

Social factors

     

Divorce (0-1)

    

<0.001

Yes

279

57 (6)

111 (11)

111 (11)

 

Partner status (0-1)

     

Yes

2361

774 (78)

799 (80)

788 (77)

 

Network size (0-80)

2968

15(8)

15 (9)

20 (11)

<0.001

Network complexity (0-11)

2968

5 (2)

5 (2)

6 (2)

<0.001

Instrumental support (0-36)

2961

14 (6)

15 (6)

16 (6)

<0.001

Emotional support (0-36)

2961

23 (8)

22 (8)

23 (7)

<0.01

Psychological factors

     

Crystallized intelligence

2855

13 (4)

13 (4)

14 (3)

<0.01

Mastery (8-25)

2971

18 (3)

18 (4)

19 (3)

<0.001

Self-efficacy (23-59)

2977

43 (5)

43 (6)

45 (6)

<0.001

Neuroticism (0-28)

2592

6 (6)

6 (6)

4 (5)

<0.001

  1. adue to non-normality median an interquartile range are reported