Table 1 Characteristics of eligible studies on family planning interventions in urban slums
# | Country | Authors, publication year | Study Aim | Study design | Family planning services | FP service delivery model & intervention | Population, sample, age | Data collection methods |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bangladesh | Huda et al. 2019 [21] | To assess the effectiveness of a married adolescent girls club in reducing the unmet need for family planning (FP) | Quasi-experimental study | Condom, injection, IUD, tubectomy, vasectomy, implant and pill | Married Adolescent Girls’ (MAG) club intervention | Married adolescent girls Club Sample = 1601 Age = 14–19 | quantitative survey |
2 | Pakistan | Hennink and Clements, 2005 [20] | To determine the impact of new family planning clinics on knowledge, contraceptive use, and unmet need for family planning among married women in poor urban areas | Quasi-experimental study | Pill, condoms, injectables, the IUD, female sterilization procedures), pregnancy testing, termination of pregnancy, and advice about sexual health. | Franchised Family Planning Clinics | Age: <20–40+ | Interviews; descriptive statistics, |
3 | Nicaragua | Meuwissen et al. 2006 [25] | to identify the nature of existing unmet needs for SRH care through voucher redemption | Cross-sectional study | Oral, injectables, IUD and condoms | Voucher scheme | Sample: 3301 Age: 11–20 | Structured questionnaire, descriptive statistics; multivariable analysis |
4 | India | Achyut et al., 2016 [27] | To evaluate the impact of the Urban Health Initiative | Evaluation study (longitudinal sample of women and health facilities with baseline (2010) and endline (2014) data) | Sterilization (female or male) IUD Oral contraceptive pill Condom Other modern method | Urban reproductive health initiative: | women of reproductive age (15–49) women and the sub-sample of poor women | interviewer administered facility audit, provider interviews and exit interviews |
5 | Senegal | Benson et al. 2018 [28] | To examine the impact of the Initiative’s demand- and supply-side activities on modern contraceptive use. | Evaluation Baseline (2011) and endline (2015) longitudinal data | Sterilization (female or male) IUD Oral contraceptive pill Condom Other modern method | Urban reproductive health initiative: | women of reproductive age (15–49) women and the sub-sample of poor women | interviewer administered facility audit, provider interviews and exit interviews |
6 | Kenya & Uganda | Arur et al., 2009 [26] | To improve use, responsiveness, and quality of FP and Safe Motherhood services and give clients a choice of providers. | Technical report (review from published and unpublished secondary literature, primary data collection, and interviews) | Implants, female sterilization, intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) | Voucher scheme | Poor women in urban centres | secondary literature, primary data collection, and extensive interviews |
7 | Nigeria | Krenn et al. 2014 [22] | To determine the contribution of mobile services to total family planning services | Quasi-experimental study | N/A | Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative | Men and women of reproductive age | Interviews, secondary data analysis, descriptive statistics |
8 | Ghana | Henry et al., 2020 [24] | To generate estimates of the effect of the Willows home-based counselling model as implemented in Kumasi, Ghana from 2013 to 2016 in order to guide future programming for community-based family planning behaviour-change interventions in urban Ghana and similar West African settings. | Retrospective, cross-sectional design | Male or female sterilization, intrauterine device, implants, injectables, oral contraceptive pills, male or female condoms, lactational amenorrhoea method and emergency contraception. | The Willows reproductive health programme | women who were between the ages of 16 and 44 in 2013 1836 women in each of the intervention and comparison areas, which we rounded up to a sample of 2000 women in each site. | Retrospectively assessed changes in women’s contraceptive use Household survey |
9 | Bangladesh | Uddin et al. 2012 [23] | To assess the effectiveness of two models to provide primary healthcare (PHC) services to street-dwellers. | Experimental pre-post design | Condom, pill, and injection | Static clinic and satellite clinics | 800 (400 females and 400 males) street-dwellers, ever-married females and males aged 15 years and above, living within the two-kilometre radius of the study locations; and were sleeping in the area for at least one week before data-collection. | Mixed method approach, a combination of both quantitative and qualitative techniques, was used for data-collection. The community survey and qualitative components (in-depth interviews with study subjects and healthcare providers) |