Table 1 Consideration of access to health care within urban development policies in Nigeria
Policy/Strategy/Plan | Considerations of health and equitable access to health care |
|---|---|
Explicit policies and plans | |
 1. Nigerian Economic Sustainability Plan (2020) | Includes measures to strengthen the response to COVID-19 & emergency preparedness; guarantee access to quality health service through primary health centres and expansion of social health insurance to all citizens; and boost research and development towards local production of medicines & pharmaceutical commodities |
 2. National Integrated Infrastructure Master Plan, 2015 | One of the priority project portfolios that would receive urgent attention over the first 5 years of the plan is social infrastructure in which priority investments would be in construction of facilities including hospitals |
 3. National Urban Development Policy, 2012 | The eighth (8th) out of 13 specific objectives of the policy will ensure provision of adequate, efficient and functional infrastructure and social services (including health services) in all human settlements |
 4. Nigeria Water Sector Road Map, 2011 | Key strategic target in the area of sanitation which indirectly affects health |
 5. Nigeria Urban Reproductive Health Initiative, NURHI (2009–2020) | Seeks to eliminate supply- and demand-side barriers to access to contraceptives, and promote family planning into a social norm in Nigeria. Target is to achieve 36% contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) by 2018. |
 6. Making Nigeria Open-Defecation-Free by 2025: A National Road Map | The plan outlines strategies for improving access to sanitation facilities particularly in densely populated urban settlements and squatter areas, by utilizing and implementing appropriate and sustainable technology |
 7. National Environmental Sanitation Policy (2005) | Promotion of public health and quality of life, ensuring adequate environmental sanitation and adequate portable water supply. |
 8. The National Water Sanitation Policy (2004) | It aims for improved access for all Nigerians to adequate, affordable, and sustainable sanitation. It recognizes the critical role of capacity building in promoting schools and community education in personal, water, and food hygiene. |
Implicit policies and plans | |
 9. Agricultural Transformation Agenda Support Programme (2013–18) | The project rehabilitated 14 Community Health Centres, and provided 63 potable water and sanitation systems |
 10. The Nigeria Zero Hunger Strategic Plan (2017–2030) | Included in the approaches for achieving the SDG target 2 is the integration of direct nutrition interventions to the PHC under one roof initiative of the Federal Government (integrated service delivery) |
 11. Lagos Megacity Project (2005). | Part of the demands of the projects was the provision of health facilities, sanitation and water facilities |
 12. Lagos Metropolitan Development (2007) | |
 13. Inclusive Basic Service Delivery and Livelihood Empowerment Integrated programme, 2016 | The programme aims to improve access for the poor and vulnerable to basic social and health services like water, sanitation, hygiene, within strengthened safety net systems |
 14. Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Improvement Project | The project aimed to improve access to clean water and sanitation for an estimated 1.5 million people in Taraba and Oyo States |