Table 1 Demographics, morbidity burden, and healthcare utilization for Spanish nationals and immigrants in Spain

 N

930,131

123,432

17,152

29,643

2563

4621

327

39,678

7429

39,829

4643

9661

2190

 Women, %

51.42

48.55

33.76

31.96

18.77

43.24

37.61

51.23

32.12

59.09

45.53

47.49

31.37

 Mean (SD)

51.91 (0.020)

38.18 (0.034)

38.06 (0.083)

37.39 (0.063)

37.85 (0.204)

38.49 (0.184)

39.71 (0.664)

36.71 (0.053)

37.23 (0.118)

38.51 (0.063)

38.89 (0.170)

45. 12 (0.147)

39.16 (0.248)

 18–44 years, %

39.71

74.11

76.10

78.27

80.53

72.80

69.11

78.79

78.58

71.39

72.73

53.97

70.68

 45–64 years, %

32.14

22.94

22.11

19.48

17.17

23.31

26.91

20.26

20.62

25.14

24.6

35.26

26.94

 65+ years, %

28.16

2.95

1.79

2.25

2.3

3.90

3.98

0.95

0.79

3.47

2.67

10.78

2.37

Length of stay in Spain ≥5 years, %

─

68.61

63.23

62.77

73.55

80.65

85.32

53.65

52.4

75.73

78.35

57.55

52.51

 Healthy users/non-users, %

21.15

36.02

75.29

36.64

73.16

47.72

79.51

41.15

79.26

29.92

68.49

32.61

78.13

 Low/moderate morbidity, %

72.03

60.54

24.31

59.65

26.3

49.49

20.18

56.01

20.35

66.39

31.12

63.02

21.55

 High/very high morbidity, %

6.81

3.44

0.4

3.71

0.55

2.79

0.31

2.84

0.39

3.68

0.39

4.38

0.32

 No visits to doctor, %

22.83

34.19

86.5

33.35

79.17

46.09

90.83

38.32

87.66

29.18

85.89

34.71

91.78

 No visits to nurse, %

48.55

71.42

95.56

70.8

93.64

80.09

97.86

74.69

95.76

69.3

95.48

64.47

96.94

 Mean (SD) # of visits to doctor, normal care

6.7 (8.4)

4.0 (5.6)

0.5 (2.0)

4.1 (5.6)

0.8 (2.2)

2.7 (4.6)

0.2 (0.8)

3.3 (5.1)

0.5 (1.9)

4.5 (5.8)

0.6 (2.2)

4.5 (6.6)

0.3 (1.8)

 Mean (SD) # of visits to doctor, urgent care

0.4 (1.0)

0.4 (1.1)

0.001 (0.1)

0.6 (1.3)

0.004 (0.1)

0.2 (0.9)

0 (0)

0.4 (1.0)

0.0003 (0.2)

0.3 (0.9)

0.0006 (0.04)

0.3 (1.0)

0.002 (0.1)

 Mean (SD) # of visits to nurse

3.7 (7.7)

1.0 (3.5)

0.1 (0.7)

1.1 (3.5)

0.1 (0.8)

0.8 (3.4)

0.6 (5.1)

0.8 (3.3)

0.1 (0.8)

1.1 (3.3)

0.1 (0.6)

1.8 (4.8)

0.1 (0.7)

 No visits, %

46.86

61.15

93.48

66.52

92.51

69.88

97.25

65.37

94.18

52.33

91.19

59.57

96.48

 Mean (SD) # of visits

2.9 (4.9)

1.8 (3.7)

0.2 (1.3)

1.5 (3.6)

0.3 (1.6)

1.4 (3.5)

0.1 (0.7)

1.4 (3.3)

0.2 (1.2)

2.2 (4.0)

0.3 (1.5)

2.1 (4.3)

0.1 (0.9)

 Mean (SD) # of planned admissions/100 ind.

4.2 (26.0)

2.0 (17.3)

0.3 (5.4)

1.5 (14.0)

0.3 (6.8)

1.4 (13.2)

0 (0)

1.8% (18.3)

0.2 (4.6)

2.6 (18.6)

0.4 (6.7)

2.8 (18.6)

0.1 (3.0)

 Mean (SD) # of unplanned admissions/100 ind.

5.2 (28.4)

3.5 (21.1)

0.5 (8.1)

3.8 (21.8)

0.6 (7.9)

3.6 (21.5)

0.6 (7.8)

3.1 (19.8)

0.5 (8.4)

3.5 (21.1)

0.5 (7.5)

3.6 (24.1)

0.4 (8.8)

 Mean (SD) hospital stay, days

6.7 (8.4)

4.7 (9.7)

6.0 (1.2)

4.4 (6.4)

8.5 (17.9)

5.0 (6.3)

4 (2.8)

4.6 (14.4)

4.6 (6.5)

4.5 (6.4)

6.5 (15.7)

6.1 (10.1)

6.7 (5.5)

 No visits, %

81.83

81.95

96.93

83.06

96.06

84.48

96.64

82.8

96.92

79.2

96.64

85.16

98.63

 Mean (SD) # of visits/10 ind.

2.8 (8.0)

2.8 (7.8)

0.4 (3.2)

2.8 (8.2)

0.5 (3.3)

2.4 (7.1)

0.4 (2.2)

2.7 (7.5)

0.4 (3.4)

3.3 (8.0)

0.5 (3.2)

2.2 (6.9)

0.2 (2.5)

 High priority visits, %

51.2

39.6

44.5

36.7

46.6

37.2

27.3

37.5

41.8

42.2

50.3

46.0

33.3

 Zero expenditure, %

24.0

39.4

89.6

36.0

83.8

50.6

93.6

44.8

90.6

35.3

88.8

38.6

94.4

 Mean (SD) expenditure, €

366.5 (763.4)

77.4 (302.4)

8.7 (90.1)

70.4 (314.3)

10.4 (70.0)

64.3 (248.2)

2.7 (16.0)

53.9 (225.8)

9.1 (115.2)

82.9 (279.9)

9.7 (73.8)

179.3 (543.0)

4.6 (34.9)