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Table 4 Observed and reported sanitation behavior at baseline and endline, stratified by maternal education and wealth quintiles

From: Achieving equitable uptake of handwashing and sanitation by addressing both supply and demand-based constraints: findings from a randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh

Baseline characteristics

Baseline

Endline

Difference in difference (DID)

95% CI

Overall treatment effect

95% CI

Impact of modifier on the treatment effect on outcomesb

Control

n (%)

Interventiona

n (%)

Control

n (%)

Interventiona

n (%)

Indicator 3: Observed visible feces on latrine slab or floor

−21%

−26, −16

 

 Education of mother

  Uneducated

113 (56)

164 (52)

71 (35.2)

48 (14)

−16%

−28, −05

   

  Some primary education

230 (53)

359 (56)

167 (38.5)

75 (11)

−31%

−39, −22

  

0.0001

  Above primary

339 (46)

496 (46)

235 (32.0)

151 (14)

−18%

−24, −11

   

 Wealth index

   

  Lowest quintile (Q1)

150 (56)

239 (58)

96 (35.4)

56 (13)

−25%

−35, −15

   

  2ndquintile (Q2)

141 (51)

205 (54)

118 (42.8)

49 (12)

−34%

−44, −23

   

  3rdquintile (Q3)

153 (59)

227 (55)

94 (36.6)

56 (13)

−19%

−30, −09

  

< 0.0001

  4thquintile (Q4)

123 (45)

221 (53)

97 (35.1)

57 (13)

−30%

−40, −20

   

  Highest quintile (Q5)

115 (40)

127 (31)

68 (23.5)

56 (14)

−01%

−11, 08

   

Indicator 4: Reported last child defecation in potty or toilet among under 3 children

49%

46, 52

 

 Education of mother

  Uneducated

1 (0.49)

2 (0.6)

5 (2.4)

187 (56)

54%

48, 60

   

  Some primary education

4 (1.0)

6 (1.0)

13 (2.9)

365 (55)

52%

48, 56

  

< 0.0001

  Above primary

15 (2.0)

13 (1.2)

92 (12)

627 (58)

46%

42, 50

   

 Wealth index

   

  Lowest quintile (Q1)

1 (0.4)

2 (0.5)

7 (2.5)

224 (52)

50%

44, 55

   

  2ndquintile (Q2)

3 (1.0)

1 (0.2)

12 (4.3)

221 (55)

52%

46, 58

   

  3rdquintile (Q3)

0

1 (0.2)

16 (6.1)

246 (58)

52%

46, 58

  

< 0.0001

  4thquintile (Q4)

6 (2.2)

9 (2.1)

17 (6.2)

255 (60)

54%

48, 60

   

  Highest quintile (Q5)

10 (3.4)

8 (2.0)

58 (20)

233 (57)

39%

31, 46

   
  1. aAll sanitation intervention arms (S, WSH and WSHN)
  2. b3-way interaction p-value (taking higher order)