Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants and households according to study arms
Characteristics | n(%) or mean ± SD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Sanitation | Handwashing | W + S + Ha | W + S + H + Nb | |
N = 1382 | N = 696 | N = 688 | N = 703 | N = 686 | |
Maternal age | 23.5 ± 5.0 | 23.7 ± 5.2 | 23.8 ± 5.4 | 24.3 ± 5.5 | 23.8 ± 5.5 |
Maternal education | |||||
 No education | 206 (15) | 115 (17) | 101 (15) | 100 (14) | 116 (17) |
 Up-to primary | 440 (32) | 218 (31) | 221 (32) | 223 (32) | 225 (33) |
 Above primary | 736 (53) | 363 (52) | 366 (53) | 380 (54) | 345 (50) |
Paternal education | |||||
 No education | 406 (30) | 209 (30) | 221 (32) | 221 (32) | 203 (30) |
 Up to Primary | 412 (30) | 204 (29) | 211 (31) | 198 (28) | 228 (33) |
 Above primary | 560 (41) | 282 (41) | 255 (37) | 281 (40) | 254 (37) |
Monthly household income (US$) | 133 ± 2.8 | 131 ± 3.8 | 127 ± 3.6 | 140 ± 4.2 | 137 ± 4.1 |
People/household | 4.7 ± .06 | 4.7 ± .08 | 4.7 ± .08 | 4.7 ± .08 | 4.7 ± .08 |
Children< 3 years /household | 0.2 ± .01 | 0.2 ± .02 | 0.2 ± .02 | 0.2 ± .02 | 0.2 ± .02 |
Children< 3 years /compound | 0.7 ± .02 | 0.6 ± .03 | 0.7 ± .03 | 0.7 ± .03 | 0.7 ± .03 |
Own home | 1357 (98) | 691 (99) | 676 (98) | 686 (98) | 670 (98) |
Own latrine | 1321 (96) | 664 (95) | 656 (95) | 670 (95) | 662 (97) |
Had a child potty | 61 (4) | 28 (4) | 35 (5) | 27 (4) | 30 (4) |
Hectares of owned agricultural land (mean ± SD) | .427 ± .025 | .407 ± .029 | .411 ± .030 | .420 ± .028 | .459 ± .054 |
Household have own(%) n | N = 1382 | N = 696 | N = 688 | N = 703 | N = 686 |
 Electricity | 784 (57) | 408 (59) | 405 (59) | 426 (61) | 412 (60) |
 Refrigerator | 116 (8.4) | 57 (8.2) | 50 (7.3) | 54 (7.7) | 52 (7.6) |
 Mobile phone | 1188 (86) | 591 (85) | 582 (85) | 600 (85) | 593 (86) |
 Television | 416 (30) | 225 (32) | 210 (31) | 187 (27) | 203 (30) |
 Motorcycle | 100 (7.2) | 47 (6.8) | 35 (5.1) | 53 (7.5) | 32 (4.7) |