HIV prevalence in South Africa through gender and racial lenses: results from the 2012 population-based national household survey

Mabaso, M.; Makola, L.; Naidoo, I.; Mlangeni, L. L.; Jooste, S.; Simbayi, L.

doi:10.1186/s12939-019-1055-6

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 1 HIV prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics stratified by gender and race

From: HIV prevalence in South Africa through gender and racial lenses: results from the 2012 population-based national household survey

Variables	Males								Females
	Black African				Other races^a				Black African				Other races^a
	n	HIV %	95% CI	p-values	n	HIV %	95% CI	p-value	n	HIV %	95% CI	p-value	n	HIV %	95% CI	p-value
Total	5202	16.6	15.0–18.4		3549	1.7	1.1–2.5		7348	24.1	22.4–26.0		4596	2.3	1.5–3.5
Age (years)
15 to 24	1940	3.3	2.5–4.5	< 0.001	854	0.6	0.3–1.5	< 0.001	2130	13.5	11.6–15.7	< 0.001	959	0.8	0.4–1.7	< 0.001
25 to 49	2120	25.7	22.8–28.8		1548	2.7	1.7–4.4		3173	36.0	33.0–39.2		1985	4.2	2.8–6.4
50+	1140	12.2	9.4–15.7		1146	0.8	0.4–1.4		2043	10.1	8.5–12.1		1651	0.6	0.2–1.9
Marital status
Not Married	3773	17.2	15.2–19.4	0.248	1827	2.7	1.9–4.0	0.021	5512	26.9	24.8–29.1	< 0.001	2499	3.4	2.3–5.2	< 0.001
Married	1304	14.9	12.0–18.3		1676	0.9	0.4–2.3		1710	16.4	13.3–19.9		2046	0.7	0.3–1.7
Education level
No education/Primary	1148	17.4	14.4–20.9	0.078	439	4.8	2.8–8.1	< 0.001	1536	24.2	21.1–27.5	< 0.001	665	6.1	3.0–12.2	< 0.001
Secondary	2953	16.8	14.8–19.1		2392	1.5	0.9–2.5		4040	27.2	24.8–29.8		3043	2.2	1.4–3.5
Tertiary	238	9.5	5.2–16.6		372	0.1	0.0–0.2		352	13.1	8.9–19.0		416	0.3	0.1–0.8
Employment status
Unemployed	2907	13.7	11.4–16.4	0.003	1207	2.5	1.5–4.2	< 0.001	5041	24.6	22.7–26.7	< 0.001	2623	3.7	2.3–5.9	< 0.001
Employed	1860	21.9	19.0–25.1		1930	1.6	0.9–2.8		1691	26.2	22.4–30.5		1540	1.2	0.7–2.0
Asset based SES scores
Low SES	3163	17.7	15.7–20.0	0.003	366	6.3	3.6–10.9	< 0.001	4327	27.3	25.1–29.6	< 0.001	395	8.0	4.6–13.4	< 0.001
Middle SES	1571	17.8	14.2–22.0		1215	3.6	2.0–6.4		2338	22.9	19.4–26.8		1710	4.3	2.5–7.3
High SES	414	6.4	3.9–10.5		1922	0.5	0.3–1.0		590	9.6	6.8–13.6		2435	1.0	0.4–2.0
Locality type
Urban formal	1767	17	14.2–20.2	0.040	3016	1.5	1.0–2.4	< 0.001	2558	21.1	18.1–24.5	< 0.001	4010	2.3	1.5–3.7	< 0.001
urban informal	920	20.3	15.6–26.1		60	12.5	4.4–31.0		1192	34.4	30.1–39.0		79	11.5	6.7–19.1
rural informal	1861	14.6	12.6–16.8		10	29.9	5.7–75.0		2987	24.3	22.0–26.9		5	22.7	4.3–66.1
rural formal	654	23.8	16.7–32.8		463	1.3	0.6–3.0		611	31.3	26.9–36.2		502	1.6	0.8–3.2

^aOther races include White, Coloured and Indians/Asians

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