Table 4 Multivariable analysis between health needs and gender
Characteristic | Crude PR (95% CI) | Adjusteda PR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Female | Male | |
Adults | ||||
Non-communicable diseases and risk factors | ||||
Blood pressure measurement in the last year | Ref. | 0.86 (0.59–1.24) | Ref. | 0.83 (0.58–1.18) |
Self-report of a diagnosis of high blood pressure | Ref. | 0.75 (0.23–2.45) | Ref. | 0.73 (0.22–2.35) |
Smoking in the last year | Ref. | 7.04 (2.83–17.53) | Ref. | 6.75 (2.66–17.10) |
Smoking in the last month | Ref. | 4.89 (1.51–15.86) | Ref. | 4.70 (1.41–15.63) |
Lifetime prevalence of alcohol use | Ref. | 1.67 (1.25–2.23) | Ref. | 1.69 (1.27–2.25) |
Alcohol use in the last month | Ref. | 1.60 (0.83–3.09) | Ref. | 1.56 (0.81–2.99) |
Fruit consumption in the last week | Ref. | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | Ref. | 0.97 (0.88–1.06) |
Eye health | ||||
Lifetime prevalence of visual acuity testing | Ref. | 1.67 (1.06–2.62) | Ref. | 1.76 (1.09–2.83) |
Difficulty seeing/recognising a face within 6 m in the last year | Ref. | 1.02 (0.78–1.32) | Ref. | 0.95 (0.75–1.19) |
Communicable diseases | ||||
Heard about tuberculosis | Ref. | 1.17 (0.94–1.45) | Ref. | 1.23 (1.00–1.52) |
Heard about HIV/AIDS | Ref. | 1.00 (0.69–1.44) | Ref. | 1.27 (0.91–1.78) |
Depression | ||||
Self-report of anhedonia or sadness | Ref. | 0.75 (0.53–1.05) | Ref. | 0.84 (0.62–1.13) |
Children | ||||
Eye health | ||||
Lifetime prevalence of visual acuity testing | Ref. | 0.91 (0.60–1.39) | Ref. | N/A |
Self-report of a diagnosis of visual impairment or prescription of glasses | Ref. | 2.92 (0.57–14.88) | Ref. | N/A |