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Table 1 Selected indicators for the study countries

From: Inequalities in health and health risk factors in the Southern African Development Community: evidence from World Health Surveys

Description

Malawi

Mauritius

South Africa

Swaziland

Zambia

Zimbabwe

Source

Population

 Populations (2015, million)

17.22

1.265

54.77

1.287

16.21

15.60

[31]

 Population growth rate (2014, annual, %)

3.07

0.18

1.58

1.47

3.07

2.31

[31]

 Urban population (2014, % of total)

16.10

39.81

64.30

21.32

40.47

32.5

[31]

Economy and labour market

 Country type (income level)

LIC

UMIC

UMIC

LMIC

LMIC

LIC

[31]

 GNI per capital (2014, PPP, US$)

780

18,290

12,700

5,940

3,860

1,710

[31]

 GDP per capita (Constant 2005 US$, 2014)

272

7,116

6,086

2,522

1,081

475

[31]

 GDP growth rate (% per annum; 2014)

5.7

3.6

1.5

2.5

6.0

3.9

[31]

 Unemployment rate (2014, % of total labour force)

7.5

7.7

25.1

22.3

13.3

5.4

[31]

 Gini index (year)

0.439 (2013)

0.358 (2012)

0.634 (2011)

0.515 (2013)

0.575 (2013)

0. 501 (2006)

[31]

Human development

 Human Development Index (HDI) (2014)

0.445

0.777

0.666

0.531

0.586

0.509

[28]

 HDI rank (2014)

173

63

116

150

139

155

[28]

 Inequality-adjusted HDI (2014)

0.299

0.666

0.428

0.354

0.384

0.372

[28]

 Gender Inequality index (GII) (2014)

0.611

0.419

0.407

0.557

0.587

0.504

[28]

 GII rank (2014)

140

88

83

128

132

112

[28]

Environment determinants: housing and infrastructure

 Access to improved water source (2015, % of population)

90.2

99.9

93.2

74.1

65.4

76.9

[30]

 Access to improved sanitation facilities (2015, % of population)

41.0

93.1

66.4

57.5

43.9

36.8

[30]

 CO2 emissions (2012, million metric tons per capita)

0.1

3.1

9.3

0.9

0.2

0.7

[31]

 Electrification rates (2012, % of the population)

9

100

85

27

26

40

[91]

Health status

 Maternal mortality ratio (2015, per 100,000 live births)

634

53

138

389

224

443

[29]

 Under-5 mortality rate (2015, per 1000 live births)

64.0

13.5

40.5

60.7

64.0

70.7

[29]

 Life expectancy at birth (2015, in years)

58.3

74.6

62.9

58.9

61.8

60.7

[29]

 HIV/ AIDS (2015, adults aged 15 to 49 prevalence rates)

9.1

0.9

19.2

28.8

12.9

14.7

[24], (http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries)

Health financing

 Total expenditure on health (THE) as % of GDP (2014)

8.3

4.8

8.9

8.4

5.0

n/a

[29]

 Public health expenditure as % of GDP (2011)

6.2

2.4

4.31

5.6

3.7

n/a

[29]

 GGHE as % of total expenditure on health (2014)

52.7

49.2

48.2

75.7

55.3

n/a

[29]

 GGHE as % of total government expenditure (2012)

16.2

9.5

14.0

18.1

12.6

n/a

[29]

 Per capital total expenditure on health (PPP int. $; 2014)

93

896

1 148

587

195

n/a

[29]

  1. Notes:
  2. LIC low-income countries, LMIC low-middle income country, UMIC upper-middle-income country;
  3. GNI gross national Income, THE total expenditure on health, GDP gross domestic product, GGHE General Government Expenditure on health, CO 2 carbon dioxide, n/a not available, WHO World Health organization, IEA International Energy Agency, UNDP United Nations Development Programme, UNAIDS the Joint United Nations Program on HIV
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International Journal for Equity in Health

ISSN: 1475-9276

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