Skip to main content

Table 3 Comparison of the relative index of inequality for diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among males and females by different measures of socio economic statuses

From: Inequalities in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors in Sri Lanka: a lower middle income country

Morbidity / risk factor

Individual

Household

Area

Education (95%CI)

Occupation (95%CI)

Income (95%CI)

Social status Index (95%CI)

Unsatisfactory Basic Needs Index (95%CI)

Male

 Prevalence of diabetes mellitus

1.85 (0.97–3.52)

0.39 (0.19–0.81)

2.5 (1.24–5.01)*

1.24 (0.69–2.21)

1.79 (0.99–3.26)

 Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance

1.87 (0.99–3.5)

0.35 (0.16–0.76)

1.28 (0.62–2.65)

0.88 (0.47–1.64)

1.4 (0.77–2.57)

 High body mass index

2.25 (1.64–3.1)*

0.55 (0.39–0.78)

1.89 (1.30–2.74)*

1.56 (1.13–2.14)*

2.04 (1.46–2.85)*

 High waist circumference

3.31 (2–5.47)*

0.35 (0.22–0.57)

3.97 (2.20–7.17)*

1.9 (1.15–3.16)*

3.21 (1.91–5.39)*

 Family history of diabetes mellitus

1.88 (1.15–3.11)*

1.12 (0.52–2.39)

1.39 (0.75–2.58)

1.52 (0.96–2.4)

3.37 (1.93–5.88)*

 Insufficient physical activity

1.08 (0.70–1.67)

0.60 (0.36–1.01)

1.34 (0.84–2.12)

1.0 (0.67–1.5)

1.13 (0.76–1.69)

 Inadequate fruit intake

0.57 (0.46–0.70)

2.23 (1.4–3.56)*

0.61 (0.5–0.76)

0.68 (0.57–0.82)

0.62 (0.52–0.74)

 Inappropriate sugar intake

0.99 (0.67–1.47)

0.76 (0.43–1.36)

1.31 (0.85–2.03)

1.01 (0.69–1.48)

1.05 (0.74–1.48)

 Smokinga

0.65 (0.45–0.94)

2.63 (1.21–5.7)*

0.68 (0.47–0.98)

0.76 (0.55–1.04)

1.04 (0.76–1.41)

 Alcohol consumptiona

1.02 (0.81–1.27)

1.14 (0.8–1.64)

1.08 (0.86–1.35)

0.84 (0.7–1.02)

0.73 (0.62–0.87)

Female

 Prevalence of diabetes mellitus

2.3 (1.22–4.34)*

0.13 (0.04–0.41)

2.34 (1.24–4.43)*

2.37 (1.43–3.94)*

4.98 (2.71–9.15)*

 Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance

1.03 (0.53–1.97)

2.25 (0.23–22.5)

1.55 (0.82–2.92)

1.19 (0.72–1.95)

1.29 (0.77–2.16)

 High body mass index

1.9 (1.46–2.47)*

0.38 (0.23–0.61)

1.61 (1.19–2.17)*

2.05 (1.66–2.55)*

2.61 (2.01–3.38)*

 High waist circumference

2.04 (1.51–2.75)*

0.32 (0.19–0.54)

1.99 (1.42–2.79)*

2.02 (1.57–2.62)*

2.39 (1.79–3.19)*

 Family history of diabetes mellitus

1.85 (1–3.42)

0.13 (0.03–0.51)

1.71 (0.86–3.40)

2.09 (1.25–3.5)*

3.34 (1.73–6.46)*

 Insufficient physical activity

0.86 (0.53–1.4)

2.65 (0.53–13.18)

0.87 (0.53–1.43)

0.57 (0.38–0.85)*

0.69 (0.47–1.03)

 Inadequate fruit intake

0.78 (0.6–1.01)

1.72 (0.77–3.84)

0.72 (056–0.94)

0.67 (0.55–0.81)

0.71 (0.57–0.88)

 Inappropriate sugar intake

1.14 (0.75–1.72)

2.07 (0.61–7.05)

1.07 (0.7–1.62)

1.32 (0.94–1.86)

1.39 (0.98–1.96)

  1. *p < 0.05