Table 6 Determinants of impoverishment due to out-of-pocket (OOP) healthcare expenditure

Mekong Delta region

Yes (Ref = No)

Sex of household head

Male (Ref = Female)

Age of household head

60+ (Ref = Under 60 years)

Ethnicity of household head

Kinh (Ref = Other)

Education of household head

Secondary (Ref = Upto primary)

University and other (Ref = Upto primary)

Household size

3–4 persons(Ref = 1–2 persons)

5 persons or more(Ref = 1–2 persons)

Having elderly people in the household

Yes (Ref = No)

Having child in the household

Yes (Ref = No)

Observed economic/environmental shock during past 5 years

Yes (Ref = No)

Household with at least one health insurance enrolee

Yes (Ref = No)

Hospitalized member

Yes (Ref = No)

At least one utilized of private facility in last 30 days

Yes(Ref = No)

Location

Rural (Ref = Urban)

Expenditure quintile

2nd (Ref = Poorest)

3rd (Ref = Poorest)

4th (Ref = Poorest)

Richest (Ref = Poorest)

Constant

N

LR chi2(19)

Prob > chi²

Pseudo R²