Social health insurance, healthcare utilization, and costs in middle-aged and elderly community-dwelling adults in China

Table 6 Multiple regression model on total amount of healthcare utilization in middle-aged and elderly adults

Variables/categories	Coef.	Std. Err.	Coef.	Std. Err.	Coef.	Std. Err.
Health insurance; ref.: Not covered by social health insurance
UEMI	0.258^***	0.066
URMI			0.129^*	0.066
NCMI					0.188^***	0.039
Female, ref.: male	0.028	0.052	0.312^*	0.135	0.096^*	0.041
Age in years;ref.:<=50
> 50 and <=65	0.183^**	0.059	0.044	0.067	0.068^**	0.024
> 65	0.277^***	0.073	0.324^*	0.161	0.139^***	0.031
Educational level; ref.: Less than lower secondary education
Upper secondary and vocational training	−0.025	0.063	−0.133^*	0.052	−0.023	0.038
Tertiary education	−0.015	0.119	0.343	0.319	0.269	0.281
Marital status; ref.:
Single/divorced/widowed
Married/cohabiting	0.056	0.068	0.020	0.078	−0.041	0.030
Health status (self-reported); ref.: Excellent
Very good	0.274^**	0.102	0.251^*	0.125	0.191^***	0.024
Good	0.234^*	0.115	0.289^*	0.128	0.212^***	0.032
Fair	0.093	0.103	0.257^*	0.114	0.267^***	0.049
Poor	0.687^***	0.123	0.749^***	0.134	0.697^***	0.054
Income level; ref.: Lowest quintile
Second quintile	0.099^***	0.023	0.078^**	0.029	0.016^**	0.006
Third quintile	0.107^**	0.041	0.055^**	0.018	0.015^***	0.003
Fourth quintile	0.143^**	0.053	0.050^*	0.022	0.032^**	0.012
Highest quintile	0.161^***	0.027	0.079^***	0.017	0.010^**	0.004
Live in Urban or Rural; ref.: urban	−0.094	0.060	−0.064	0.065	−0.071^**	0.024

Estimates were weighted using individual sampling weights and adjusted for household and individual responses
Note: *** implies p-value < 0.001, ** indicates p-value < 0.01, * implies p-value < 0.05

ISSN: 1475-9276