Skip to main content

Table 3 Mean health and income-related health inequality by disease type and by wave

From: Lifestyle and Income-related Inequality in Health in South Africa

Panel A: Using household per capita income

 

Wave 1

Wave 2

Wave 3

Wave 4

Variables

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

 Diagnosed of tuberculosis

15,552

0.036

−0.028***

(0.003)

17,551

0.031

−0.020***

(0.003)

18,673

0.047

−0.028***

(0.004)

21,937

0.035

−0.025***

(0.003)

 Have high blood pressure

15,562

0.135

0.023***

(0.006)

17,522

0.113

0.038***

(0.006)

18,666

0.161

0.043***

(0.006)

20,358

0.106

0.023***

(0.005)

 Diagnosed of diabetes

15,527

0.035

0.024***

(0.003)

17,536

0.035

0.021***

(0.003)

18,638

0.046

0.028***

(0.004)

22,034

0.036

0.034***

(0.003)

 Diagnosed of stroke

15,527

0.009

−0.004**

(0.002)

17,564

0.007

0.002

(0.001)

18,682

0.008

−0.004**

(0.002)

22,575

0.009

−0.002

(0.001)

 Diagnosed of heart diseases

15,514

0.030

−0.013***

(0.003)

17,536

0.018

−0.012***

(0.002)

18,673

0.026

−0.014***

(0.003)

22,356

0.018

−0.002

(0.002)

 Diagnosed of cancer

15,505

0.007

0.013***

(0.002)

17,552

0.007

0.010***

(0.001)

18,686

0.006

0.005***

(0.001)

22,648

0.013

0.014***

(0.002)

 Have persistent cough

15,535

0.110

−0.009

(0.006)

16,848

0.112

−0.023***

(0.006)

18,695

0.159

−0.016**

(0.006)

22,737

0.127

−0.025***

(0.005)

 Experienced depression

15,536

0.459

−0.184***

(0.009)

16,720

0.381

−0.086***

(0.007)

18,630

0.414

−0.161***

(0.008)

22,742

0.447

−0.083***

(0.008)

 Experienced chest pain

15,525

0.099

−0.047***

(0.006)

16,847

0.070

−0.018***

(0.005)

18,696

0.086

−0.031***

(0.005)

22,735

0.093

−0.030***

(0.004)

 Self-reported poor health

15,535

0.177

−0.074***

(0.007)

17,600

0.101

−0.026***

(0.005)

18,698

0.110

−0.023***

(0.005)

22,744

0.108

−0.018***

(0.004)

 Health index

15,296

−0.125

−0.019***

(0.003)

16,342

−0.050

−0.001

(0.002)

18,415

−0.089

−0.007***

(0.002)

19,220

0.034

−0.003**

(0.001)

Panel B: Using household per capita income by adult equivalent

 

Wave 1

Wave 2

Wave 3

Wave 4

Variables

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

Obs

Mean

CCI

SE

 Diagnosed of tuberculosis

15,552

0.036

−0.032***

(0.003)

17,551

0.031

−0.023***

(0.003)

18,673

0.047

−0.031***

(0.004)

21,937

0.035

−0.034***

(0.003)

 Have high blood pressure

15,562

0.135

0.025***

(0.006)

17,522

0.113

0.038***

(0.006)

18,666

0.161

0.038***

(0.006)

20,358

0.106

0.022***

(0.005)

 Diagnosed of diabetes

15,527

0.035

0.025***

(0.003)

17,536

0.035

0.021***

(0.003)

18,638

0.046

0.027***

(0.004)

22,034

0.036

0.033***

(0.003)

 Diagnosed of stroke

15,527

0.009

−0.006***

(0.002)

17,564

0.007

0.001

(0.001)

18,682

0.008

−0.005***

(0.002)

22,575

0.009

−0.002

(0.001)

 Diagnosed of heart diseases

15,514

0.030

−0.011***

(0.003)

17,536

0.018

−0.011***

(0.002)

18,673

0.026

−0.010***

(0.002)

22,356

0.018

−0.000

(0.002)

 Diagnosed of cancer

15,505

0.007

0.013***

(0.002)

17,552

0.007

0.010***

(0.001)

18,686

0.006

0.005***

(0.001)

22,648

0.013

0.013***

(0.002)

 Have persistent cough

15,535

0.110

−0.017***

(0.006)

16,848

0.112

−0.022***

(0.006)

18,695

0.159

−0.026**

(0.006)

22,737

0.127

−0.029***

(0.005)

 Experienced depression

15,536

0.459

−0.187***

(0.009)

16,720

0.381

−0.094***

(0.009)

18,630

0.414

−0.167***

(0.008)

22,742

0.447

−0.085***

(0.008)

 Experienced chest pain

15,525

0.099

−0.047***

(0.006)

16,847

0.070

−0.020***

(0.005)

18,696

0.086

−0.035***

(0.005)

22,735

0.093

−0.040***

(0.004)

 Self-reported poor health

15,535

0.177

−0.079***

(0.007)

17,600

0.101

−0.030***

(0.005)

18,698

0.110

−0.029***

(0.005)

22,744

0.108

−0.025***

(0.005)

 Health index

15,296

−0.125

−0.021***

(0.003)

16,342

−0.050

−0.004

(0.002)

18,415

−0.089

−0.010***

(0.002)

19,220

0.034

−0.004***

(0.001)

  1. Notes: Results presented in this table are corrected concentration indices for income-related health inequality. The health indicators are all binary outcomes equivalent to 1 if the respondent is diagnosed of a given disease. The health index is continuous with high values representing poor health outcomes. The income variables are both continuous. Negative values of the concentration indices indicate that poor health is concentrated among individuals from low-income households. ***Statistically significant at the 1% level; statistically significant at the 5% level; *statistically significant at the 10% level. Obs is observations and SE are standard error of the CCI
Back to article page

International Journal for Equity in Health

ISSN: 1475-9276

Contact us