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Table 3 Estimates for binary logit models. Odds ratios indicating effect on having selected health and disability indicators: 2010-2014. Individuals aged 55-plus

From: Educational attainment, gender and health inequalities among older adults in Catalonia (Spain)

Variables

Poor self-perceived health

Functional limitations

ADL limitations

M1

M2

M1

M2

M1

M2

Constant

0.10***

0.16***

0.00***

0.00***

0.00***

0.00***

(0.06;0.16)

(0.09;0.27)

(0.00;0.00)

(0.00;0.00)

(0.00;0.00)

(0.00;0.00)

Sociodemographic characteristics

 Age

1.01***

1.00

1.07***

1.06***

1.09***

1.05***

(1.01;1.02)

(0.99;1.01)

(1.064-1.082)

(1.05;1.07)

(1.07;1.11)

(1.04;1.07)

 Female

1.38***

1.31***

1.25***

1.24

1.58***

1.03

(1.23;1.56)

(1.04;1.65)

(1.092-1.431)

(0.95;1.63)

(1.21;2.06)

(0.59;1.80)

 Married

0.97

1.02

0.86**

0.91

0.94

1.02

(0.85;1.11)

(0.89;1.17)

(0.748-0.999)

(0.78;1.06)

(0.72;1.24)

(0.77;0.34)

Occupation (ref. employed)

 Unemployed

1.50***

1.57***

1.32

1.46

-

-

(1.11;2.03)

(1.14;2.14)

(0.850-2.052)

(0.92;2.31)

-

-

 Inactive

2.10***

2.22***

2.05***

2.27***

4.64***

5.50***

(1.76-2.52)

(1.84;2.68)

(1.600-2.636)

(1.74;2.95)

(1.82;11.85)

(2.09;14.47)

Education

 Low Educated

1.58***

1.81***

1.22**

1.41***

0.93

1.10

(1.38;1.80)

(1.48;2.21)

(1.041-1.420)

(1.12;1.78)

(0.68;1.26)

(0.70;1.73)

Education*Sex

 Low Educated*Male

 

0.83

 

0.91

 

0.66

 

(0.64;1.08)

 

(0.67;1.24)

 

(0.36;1.24)

Health behaviours

 Current smoker

 

1.05

 

0.91

 

0.82

 

(0.87;1.27)

 

(0.72;1.15)

 

(0.48;1.41)

 Past smoker

 

1.26***

 

1.31***

 

1.01

 

(1.08;1.46)

 

(1.10;1.55)

 

(0.70;1.45)

 Drinking

 

0.99

 

1.46*

 

1.61

 

(0.65;1.51)

 

(0.95;2.26)

 

(0.64;4.04)

 Sedentary lifestyle

 

2.55***

 

3.61***

 

10.47***

 

(2.25;2.89)

 

(3.14;4.14)

 

(7.41;14.78)

Double health coverage

 

0.79***

 

0.99

 

0.68**

 

(0.68-0.92)

 

(0.83;1.17)

 

(0.47;0.97)

Observations

5365

5365

5360

5360

5106

5106

Pseudo R2

0.04

0.08

0.13

0.19

0.14

0.25

  1. Source: ESCA2010-2014. Note: M1: Model 1; M2: Model2; The extremes of corresponding 95 % confidence intervals are indicated in parentheses; Significance is shown as follows: *** p < 0.01. ** p < 0.05. * p < 0.10