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Table 4 Factors associated with utilization of services among all respondents in past two years (n = 18386), 2005 and 2010 samples combined (logistical regression)

From: The impact of primary healthcare reform on equity of utilization of services in the province of Quebec: a 2003–2010 follow-up

Variables in model

 

Hospitalization

ER

Affiliation to family doctor

≥1 visit to PHC past 2 years

  

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

Year (ref.: 2005)

2010

1.257

.981

1.610

1.141

.923

1.409

.955

.747

1.222

.689

.525

.903

SES

Low

.806

.652

.995

.824

.695

.978

1.460

1.212

1.758

1.118

.898

1.391

(ref.: Very low)

High

.862

.688

1.079

.859

.717

1.029

1.881

1.548

2.286

1.812

1.432

2.293

 

Very high

.918

.718

1.173

.796

.656

.966

2.035

1.650

2.511

2.168

1.667

2.819

Interaction year × SES

Low × 2010

1.044

.772

1.411

1.216

.945

1.565

1.064

.797

1.422

1.799

1.301

2.489

(ref.: Very low x 2010)

High × 2010

1.163

.857

1.578

1.003

.778

1.292

1.227

.918

1.640

1.408

1.009

1.963

 

Very high × 2010

.931

.671

1.293

1.132

.867

1.477

1.167

.863

1.577

1.190

.837

1.694

Sex (ref.: Male)

Female

1.387

1.250

1.540

.955

.882

1.035

1.837

1.684

2.004

2.319

2.086

2.578

Age

30-44

.935

.795

1.099

.828

.732

.937

1.458

1.288

1.651

1.197

1.029

1.392

(ref.: 18–29)

45-64

.652

.552

.771

.548

.483

.622

2.591

2.277

2.949

1.214

1.038

1.421

 

65 or over

.895

.742

1.081

.445

.382

.519

5.137

4.286

6.158

1.168

.953

1.432

Level of education

Secondary

.814

.698

.948

1.003

.881

1.142

1.029

.882

1.200

1.181

.997

1.401

(ref.: <Secondary)

College

.771

.649

.916

.981

.849

1.133

.924

.784

1.091

1.466

1.208

1.778

 

University

.729

.616

.864

.892

.774

1.027

.873

.741

1.028

1.446

1.200

1.743

Immigrant status

Has immigrated <10 years

.893

.704

1.133

.718

.600

.860

.524

.435

.632

.646

.528

.789

(ref.: Born in Canada)

Has immigrated ≥10 years

1.013

.866

1.184

1.064

.945

1.198

.977

.855

1.115

.970

.824

1.142

Morbidity

≥1 risk factor

1.159

.991

1.355

1.094

.974

1.230

2.398

2.100

2.738

2.929

2.465

3.480

(ref.: None)

1 chr. disease

1.540

1.347

1.761

1.476

1.332

1.634

1.722

1.537

1.928

2.313

1.992

2.687

 

≥2 chr. diseases

2.863

2.399

3.419

2.429

2.084

2.832

2.657

2.165

3.261

3.429

2.605

4.514

Perceived health

Good

.579

.507

.663

.655

.583

.735

1.127

.980

1.297

.748

.626

.895

(ref.: Poor/Average)

Very good

.398

.344

.461

.514

.456

.580

1.191

1.034

1.372

.698

.583

.835

 

Excellent

.383

.322

.455

.425

.369

.489

1.133

.970

1.324

.533

.441

.644

  1. Note: Statistically significant results (p < 0.05) are in bold