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Table 1 Utilization of health services and socio-economic characteristics

From: Rural–urban inequalities in health care utilization in Bhutan: a decomposition analysis

 

Experienced ill health or injury in the past month

Utilized outpatient health services when experienced ill health or injury in the past month

Utilized hospital inpatient services in the past year

Primary health care facilities

Hospital outpatient services

Other servicesa

Did not use outpatient care

N = 5989

N = 1091

N = 2930

N = 85

N = 1883

N = 1496

Socio-economic characteristics

%

%

%

%

%

%

Urban

44.40

18.61

54.88

69.41

41.90

39.37

Rural

55.60

81.39

45.12

30.59

58.10

60.63

Male

41.78

37.86

41.71

51.76

43.71

41.71

Female

58.22

62.14

58.29

48.24

56.29

58.29

Age less than 30 years

43.96

41.52

44.85

45.88

43.92

46.26

Age 31–60 years

39.42

40.15

38.60

43.53

40.10

37.57

Age above 60 years

16.61

18.33

16.55

10.59

15.99

16.18

Never married

35.57

35.29

36.08

38.82

34.78

29.28

Married or together

55.03

54.17

55.46

55.29

54.86

60.96

Divorced or separated

9.40

10.54

8.46

5.88

10.36

9.76

No formal education

57.02

67.19

54.54

44.71

55.55

58.16

Primary, secondary and vocational

39.87

31.07

42.29

50.59

40.73

38.37

Bachelor’s degree and higher

3.11

1.74

3.17

4.71

3.72

3.48

Employed

44.06

45.65

41.30

38.82

47.69

47.66

Unemployed

28.99

23.56

30.82

30.59

29.21

32.95

Not in employment age

26.95

30.80

27.88

30.59

23.10

19.39

No disability

74.95

75.53

75.63

77.65

73.45

72.79

Some form of disability

25.05

24.47

24.37

22.35

26.55

27.21

Western Region

47.09

29.06

58.60

83.53

37.97

43.65

Central Region

29.17

26.03

26.08

7.06

36.80

27.67

Eastern Region

23.74

44.91

15.32

9.41

25.23

28.68

Quintile 1 (poorest)

14.03

24.11

10.20

2.35

14.66

12.97

Quintile 2

16.65

23.74

14.03

14.12

16.73

18.98

Quintile 3

18.90

20.81

18.12

21.18

18.91

21.12

Quintile 4

23.31

18.79

24.64

22.35

23.90

21.32

Quintile 5 (richest)

27.12

12.56

33.00

40.00

25.81

25.60

Health facilities within 1 h

87.09

82.95

90.61

94.12

83.70

83.56

Health facilities at more than 1 h

12.91

17.05

9.39

5.88

1630

16.44

Household size 3 members and below

27.22

25.94

28.57

16.47

26.34

24.20

Household size 4–5 members

42.49

39.96

43.48

42.35

42.43

43.85

Household size 6 members and above

30.29

34.10

27.95

41.18

31.23

31.95

  1. Western region comprises of Thimphu, Chukha, Samtse, Paro and Haa; Central region comprises of WangduePhodrang, Punakha, Dagana, Tsirang, Gasa, Sarpang Bumthang, Zhemgang, Trongsa; Eastern region comprises of SamdrupJongkhar, Mongar, Trashigang, TrashiYangtse, PemaGatshel and Lhuntse
  2. aResponses unavailable or respondents availed informal practitioners or private facilities for which categorization could not be established