Table 1 The change of hospitalization expenses among treatment and control groups (China, 2016–2021)
Expense categories(yuan) | Treatment group | Control group | DIFF | SDIFF | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pre-implementation | post-implementation | pre-implementation | post-implementation | ||||
panel A: type 2 diabetes | |||||||
Total cost | 6774.70 | 7053.85 | 7500.69 | 5609.44 | -0.281 | 0.069 | 0.000*** |
Treatment cost | 236.16 | 315.90 | 254.19 | 272.30 | -0.099 | 0.153 | 0.515 |
Drug cost | 2380.28 | 2385.71 | 2727.16 | 1763.17 | -0.415 | 0.160 | 0.010*** |
Hospitalization fee | 322.26 | 334.31 | 434.32 | 291.70 | -0.358 | 0.124 | 0.004*** |
Laboratory fee | 125.74 | 136.80 | 151.55 | 121.86 | -0.266 | 0.109 | 0.015** |
Check-up fee | 533.23 | 906.83 | 601.93 | 791.67 | -0.205 | 0.164 | 0.212 |
Operation fee | 0.00 | 51.58 | 1.99 | 104.76 | 0.630 | 0.643 | 0.333 |
Diagnostic test fee | 1826.32 | 1653.67 | 1831.47 | 1150.24 | -0.408 | 0.104 | 0.000*** |
CT fee | 521.42 | 383.45 | 561.20 | 359.64 | -0.197 | 0.117 | 0.095 |
Color ultrasound fee | 374.48 | 308.89 | 418.02 | 233.47 | -0.432 | 0.181 | 0.018** |
Nursing fee | 58.42 | 60.86 | 94.56 | 100.33 | 2.410 | 6.146 | 0.695 |
Anesthetic fee | 243.00 | 254.49 | 279.80 | 217.49 | -0.255 | 0.110 | 0.021** |
Other expenses | 153.39 | 261.36 | 144.52 | 202.81 | -0.150 | 0.174 | 0.390 |
panel B: planned cesarean section | |||||||
Total cost | 7222.25 | 7142.75 | 7085.49 | 6773.52 | -0.033 | 0.013 | 0.008*** |
Treatment cost | 313.23 | 337.04 | 307.91 | 313.02 | -0.050 | 0.030 | 0.105 |
Drug cost | 1345.88 | 1257.96 | 1242.62 | 1179.87 | 0.009 | 0.030 | 0.757 |
Hospitalization fee | 747.57 | 686.25 | 779.65 | 630.81 | -0.137 | 0.072 | 0.057 |
Laboratory Fee | 289.23 | 548.67 | 297.83 | 532.15 | -0.050 | 0.277 | 0.213 |
Check-up fee | 89.77 | 96.25 | 87.84 | 90.95 | -0.034 | 0.044 | 0.260 |
Operation Fee | 1433.76 | 1438.73 | 1427.77 | 1413.00 | -0.010 | 0.017 | 0.567 |
Diagnostic test fee | 459.53 | 480.71 | 432.69 | 470.12 | 0.069 | 0.041 | 0.093 |
Color ultrasound fee | 42.77 | 53.32 | 41.98 | 32.52 | -0.068 | 0.569 | 0.233 |
Nursing fee | 568.82 | 603.80 | 565.11 | 601.94 | -0.019 | 0.198 | 0.344 |
Anesthetic fee | 370.82 | 421.67 | 366.18 | 411.61 | -0.015 | 0.280 | 0.592 |
Other expenses | 1560.89 | 1218.34 | 1535.93 | 1097.54 | -0.092 | 0.029 | 0.001*** |
panel C: Lacunar infarction | |||||||
Total cost | 8083.86 | 7806.41 | 8834.50 | 5432.32 | -0.372 | 0.101 | 0.000*** |
Treatment cost | 411.23 | 399.75 | 354.50 | 283.58 | -0.269 | 0.163 | 0.100 |
Drug costs | 3937.54 | 3381.31 | 3949.50 | 1847.46 | -0.557 | 0.153 | 0.000*** |
Hospitalization fee | 383.50 | 406.10 | 508.39 | 277.00 | -0.570 | 0.133 | 0.000*** |
Laboratory Fee | 568.70 | 765.32 | 719.73 | 651.29 | -0.380 | 0.189 | 0.045** |
Check-up fee | 147.75 | 149.63 | 182.54 | 113.72 | -0.472 | 0.118 | 0.000*** |
Operation Fee | 0.00 | 5.76 | 0.00 | 120.35 | 0.406 | 0.069 | 0.000*** |
Diagnostic test fee | 1315.32 | 1153.94 | 1497.53 | 923.70 | -0.299 | 0.135 | 0.028** |
CT fee | 315.42 | 345.08 | 541.85 | 337.36 | -0.389 | 0.176 | 0.029** |
Color ultrasound fee | 166.57 | 44.98 | 297.96 | 204.19 | 1.053 | 0.255 | 0.000*** |
Nursing fee | 6.27 | 0.85 | 11.54 | 7.85 | -1.276 | 1.152 | 0.280 |
Anesthetic fee | 376.17 | 417.81 | 361.26 | 202.13 | -0.554 | 0.151 | 0.000*** |
Other expenses | 455.41 | 735.87 | 409.68 | 463.72 | -0.509 | 0.232 | 0.029** |