Are institutional deliveries equitable in the southern states of India? A benefit incidence analysis

Sharma, Santosh Kumar; Nambiar, Devaki

doi:10.1186/s12939-024-02097-4

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 3 Utilization rate, out-of-pocket payment (OOP in INR), and benefit incidence by place of residence, educational attainment and social group on institutional delivery in South India, 2019-21

From: Are institutional deliveries equitable in the southern states of India? A benefit incidence analysis

Variables	Wealth quintile	Number people utilizing public health service (1)	Utilization rate (2)	Median OOP in public health service (3)	Median cost of service in private health centre (4)	Net subsidy at public health centre (5 = 4 − 3)	Individual subsidy (6 = 5*2)	Benefit incidence (%) (7)	N
Urban	Poorest	402	0.1041	3000	30,150	27,150	2826	10.35	3622
	Poorer	609	0.1577	2700	30,150	27,450	4329	15.85	3,188
	Middle	786	0.2035	3100	30,150	27,050	5505	20.15	2,737
	Richer	1077	0.2789	2500	30,150	27,650	7711	28.23	2,304
	Richest	988	0.2558	3000	30,150	27,150	6946	25.43	1,437
	Total	3862					27,316		13,288
Rural	Poorest	3220	0.3416	2530	28,000	25,470	8701	34.47	3622
	Poorer	2579	0.2736	3000	28,000	25,000	6840	27.10	3,188
	Middle	1951	0.2070	2600	28,000	25,400	5257	20.83	2,737
	Richer	1227	0.1302	3000	28,000	25,000	3254	12.89	2,304
	Richest	449	0.0476	3000	28,000	25,000	1191	4.72	1,437
	Total	9426					25,243		13,288
Education less than 10 year	Poorest	2377	0.4433	2500	24,000	21,500	9531	44.61	3622
	Poorer	1382	0.2577	2700	24,000	21,300	5490	25.70	3,188
	Middle	893	0.1665	3000	24,000	21,000	3497	16.37	2,737
	Richer	519	0.0968	2500	24,000	21,500	2081	9.74	2,304
	Richest	191	0.0356	2500	24,000	21,500	766	3.58	1,437
	Total	5362					21,365		13,288
Education 10 or more year	Poorest	1245	0.1571	2900	30,000	27,100	4257	15.76	3622
	Poorer	1806	0.2279	3000	30,000	27,000	6152	22.77	3,188
	Middle	1844	0.2327	3000	30,000	27,000	6282	23.25	2,737
	Richer	1785	0.2252	3000	30,000	27,000	6081	22.51	2,304
	Richest	1246	0.1572	3000	30,000	27,000	4245	15.71	1,437
	Total	7926					27,016		13,288
Scheduled Caste	Poorest	1258	0.3486	2700	25,400	22,700	7913	35.16	3622
	Poorer	1032	0.2860	3000	25,400	22,400	6405	28.46	3,188
	Middle	678	0.1879	3000	25,400	22,400	4208	18.70	2,737
	Richer	448	0.1241	3000	25,400	22,400	2781	12.36	2,304
	Richest	193	0.0535	3000	25,400	22,400	1198	5.32	1,437
	Total	3609					22,505		13,288
Scheduled Tribe	Poorest	592	0.4415	2200	23,500	21,300	9403	44.25	3622
	Poorer	301	0.2245	3000	23,500	20,500	4601	21.65	3,188
	Middle	217	0.1618	2000	23,500	21,500	3479	16.37	2,737
	Richer	146	0.1089	2000	23,500	21,500	2341	11.02	2,304
	Richest	85	0.0634	1000	23,500	22,500	1426	6.71	1,437
	Total	1341					21,251		13,288
Other Backward Class (OBC)	Poorest	1527	0.2134	2500	30,000	27,500	5867	21.59	3622
	Poorer	1624	0.2269	2700	30,000	27,300	6195	22.80	3,188
	Middle	1570	0.2194	3000	30,000	27,000	5923	21.80	2,737
	Richer	1462	0.2043	3000	30,000	27,000	5515	20.30	2,304
	Richest	974	0.1361	3000	30,000	27,000	3674	13.52	1,437
	Total	7157					27,175		13,288
Other castes	Poorest	245	0.2075	3700	35,000	31,300	6493	20.75	3622
	Poorer	231	0.1956	3400	35,000	31,600	6181	19.75	3,188
	Middle	272	0.2303	4500	35,000	30,500	7025	22.44	2,737
	Richer	248	0.2100	4000	35,000	31,000	6510	20.80	2,304
	Richest	185	0.1566	2500	35,000	32,500	5091	16.27	1,437
	Total	1181					31,299		13,288

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