Effect of socioeconomic conditions on health care utilization in marital violence: a cross-sectional investigation from the Japanese Study on Stratification, Health, Income, and Neighborhood

Table 1 Characteristics of respondents in marital relationships based on their health care utilization and experience of marital violence in the past 12 months

		Total (N = 2,984)	Healthcare care utilization in the past 12 months (n = 1,978)			Any marital violence in the past 12 months (n = 834)
		%^a	Prevalence %^b	Χ² (DF)	p value	Prevalence %^b	Χ² (DF)	p value
Health care	Utilized	66.3				29.3	5.10 (1)	0.024^*
Health care	Not utilized	33.7				25.4
Marital violence	Any	28.0	69.4	5.10 (1)	0.024^*
Marital violence	None	72.1	65.1
Education	Jr. high/high	27.0	62.4	13.56 (2)	0.001^*	29.7	2.34 (2)	0.310
	College	31.3	64.7			28.6
	University	41.7	69.9			26.7
Household income	Low	26.5	60.7	23.73 (2)	<0.001^*	30.8	5.36 (2)	0.068
	Average	36.9	66.5			29.5
	High	36.6	72.4			25.8
Employment	Employed	77.9	66.8	1.38 (1)	0.239	27.1	3.18 (1)	0.075
Employment	Not-employed	22.1	64.3			30.7
Gender	Men	44.0	64.3	4.54 (1)	0.033^*	28.3	0.05 (1)	0.818
Gender	Women	56.0	68.0			27.9

^aColumn % (percentage of each of the correlates and demographic categories to the total sample)
^bRow % (percentage of respondents with health care utilization/marital violence in the past 12 months to the total sample in each correlate and demographic category)
*p < 0.05

ISSN: 1475-9276