Targeting accuracy and impact of a community-identified waiver card scheme for primary care user fees in Afghanistan

Table 1 Characteristics of cardholders versus non-cardholders

	Card				p-value, difference
	No		Yes
	n = 982		n = 166
Any facility delivery among HH members in last 6 mos.	0.109	[0.088, 0.134]	0.212	[0.150, 0.291]	p = 0.001
Care sought if HH member ill in last 30 days^¥	0.8719	[0.842, 0.897]	0.9569	[0.939, 0.970]	p < 0.001
Wealth status
Average wealth score	-0.093	[-0.368, 0.182]	-0.547	[-0.809, -0.284]	p < 0.001
% in bottom 40%	0.434	[0.364, 0.507]	0.579	[0.494, 0.660]	p = 0.001
Average self-rated wealth score (1-5)*	2.129	[2.046, 2.213]	1.867	[1.735, 2.000]	p < 0.001
Average food insecurity score (1-5)**	1.892	[1.784, 2.000]	2.307	[2.115, 2.499]	p = 0.002
Can afford fees with little to no difficulty	0.605	[0.561, 0.647]	0.303	[0.232, 0.385]	p < 0.001
Mother/caretaker primary decision-maker in taking sick child for care	0.201	[0.171, 0.234]	0.428	[0.346, 0.514]	p < 0.001
Probability that HH member sick in last 30 days	0.197	[0.188, 0.208]	0.221	[0.194, 0.250]	NS
Average family size	7.05	[6.86, 7.25]	7.05	[6.787, 7.322]	NS
# kids <5	1.64	[1.58, 1.71]	1.60	[1.47, 1.74]	NS
# Women repro. age	1.42	[1.37, 1.47]	1.45	[1.35, 1.56]	NS
Female-headed household	0.032	[0.021, 0.048]	0.042	[0.017, 0.100]	NS
Any education, head of household	0.310	[0.267, 0.354]	0.259	[0.202, 0.316]	NS
Proportion of kids 5-18 in school	0.390	[0.020, 0.350]	0.398	[0.035, 0.328]	NS
Any participation in community forums	0.039	[0.026, 0.051]	0.030	[0.004, 0.056]	NS
Able to borrow from family or friends	0.755	[0.721,0.786]	0.758	[0.659,0.835]	NS
Unable to access any credit	0.080	[0.060,0.105]	0.085	[0.040,0.170]	NS
Average travel time, minutes	66.5	[51.2, 81.8]	65.8	[44.1, 87.5]	NS

Note: Average wealth score and % in bottom 40% based on PCA-derived basic asset index for each province, including free services and control facilities. Standard errors account for survey design. NS=Not Significant.
^¥ This outcome is measured at the individual household member level (n = 1,566 household members sick in last 30 days; 1,311 non-cardholders and 255 cardholders). All other variables measured at the household level.
* 1 = poorest; 5 = wealthiest
** 1 = low food insecurity; 5 = high food insecurity

ISSN: 1475-9276