Skip to main content

Table 8 The impact of prescription drug charges on the probability of obtaining a prescription drug

From: What impact do prescription drug charges have on efficiency and equity? Evidence from high-income countries

Variable

Probability of use

Studies

Co-payment

-

Esposito1 [45] (US, OS, CD, R); Gardner et al. [137] (NZ, OS, CD, NR); Hillman et al. [138] (US, OS, CD, R); Stuart and Zacker [123] (US, OS, CD, R); Watt et al. [139] (NZ, OS, CD, NR)

Co-insurance

-

Lohr et al. [140] (US, ES, CD, NR)

Deductible

-

Blais et al. [141] (CA, NS, TD, R)

Mixed system

-

Goldman et al. [142] (US, OS, CD, R); Ozminkowski et al. [143] (US, OS, CD, R); Smart and Stabile [100] (CA, NS, CD, R)

Change from:

  

   deductible and co-insurance to income-based deductible

-

Kozyrskyj et al. [53] (CA, NS, CD, R)

Insurance coverage

  

   Primary (vs. none)

+

Smith and Garner [111] (US, NS, CD, NR); Thomas et al. [144] (US, OS, CD, R)

   Supplementary (vs. none)

+

Adams et al. [145] (US, OS, CD, R); Blustein [127] (US, OS, CD, R); Caussat and Glaude [34] (FR, OS, CD, R); Coulson and Stuart [146] (US, OS, CD, R); Genier et al. [147] (FR, OS, CD, R); Grignon and Perronin [121] (FR, NS, CD, R); Raynaud [148] (FR, OS, CD, R); Raynaud [134] (FR, OS, CD, R); Rogowski et al. [149] (US, OS, CD, R); Stuart and Grana [33] (US, OS, CD, R)

   Supplementary (vs. none)

0

Christiansen et al. [52] (DK, OS, CD, R)

   Supplementary public (vs. private)

+

Raynaud [148] (FR, OS, CD, R); Raynaud [134] (FR, OS, CD, R)

  1. 1This study examined the probability of using a specific statin compared to the probability of using other statins when there were differing co-payments for each statin.
  2. Country: CA = Canada; DK = Denmark; FR = France; NZ = New Zealand; US = United States
  3. Type of study: ES = experimental study; NS = natural study; OS = observational study
  4. Type of data analyzed: CD = cross-sectional data; TD = time-series data; PD = panel data
  5. Type of statistical analysis used: R = regression techniques; NR = no regression techniques