Table 12 The impact of prescription drug charges on adherence to treatment

Co-payment

Atella et al. [76] (IT, NS, CD, R); Gibson et al. [191] (US, OS, CD, R); Poirier et al. [77] (CA, NS, TD, NR)

Co-payment

Poirier et al. [77] (CA, NS, TD, NR)

Multi-tier formulary (vs. 1- or 2-tiers)

Landsman et al. [65] (US, NS, TD, R); Shrank et al. [79] (US, OS, CD, R); Taira et al. [80] (US, OS, CD, R)

Co-insurance

Reuveni et al. [192] (IS, OS, CD, R)

Mixed system

Ellis et al. [193] (US, OS, CD, R); Goldman et al. [194] (US, OS, CD, R); Mojtabai and Olfson [195] (US, OS, CD, R); Piette et al. [196] (US, OS, CD, R)

Change from

   co-payment to deductible and co-insurance

Pilote et al. [30] (CA, NS, CD, R)

Has co-insurance (vs. has co-payment)

Dor and Encinosa [78] (US, OS, CD, R)

Insurance coverage

   Primary (vs. none)

Kennedy and Erb [197] (US, OS, CD, NR); Piette et al. [196] (US, OS, CD, R); Thomas et al. [144] (US, OS, CD, R)

   Primary public (vs. private)

Dodrill et al. [198] (US, OS, CD, NR)

   Supplementary (vs. none)

Col et al. [199] (US, OS, CD, R); Safran et al. [200] (US, OS, CD, R); Schoen et al. [74] (US, NS, CD, NR); Steinman et al. [201] (US, OS, CD, R)

Prescription limit

Cox et al. [35] (US, OS, CD, R); Schulz et al. [81] (US, NS, CD, NR)