Assessing equity in health care through the national health insurance schemes of Nigeria and Ghana: a review-based comparative analysis

Table 1 Key demographic, health and economic indicators - Nigeria, Ghana and OECD mean 2000-2010

	Demographic Indicators		Health Indicators						Health Expenditure Indicators
Country	Population (millions)	GDP (p.cap)	LE (Male)	LE (Female)	IMR	U-5 year MR	p-HIV (% pop)	i-TB (cases)	THE (p. cap)	THE (% GDP)	Public HE (% THE)	OOP HE (% private)
Nigeria 2000	123.7	371	48	47	116	186	3.9	172	17	4.7	33	93
Ghana 2000	19.2	260	58	59	64	99	2.3	152	19	7.2	41	80
Nigeria 2002	129.8	455	47	48	107	177	3.8	182	18	4.0	26	90
Ghana 2002	20.1	306	58	60	61	94	2.2	138	20	6.5	36	80
Nigeria 2004	136.4	644	48	49	102	168	3.7	180	44	7.0	32	95
Ghana 2004	21.1	420	60	61	58	88	2.1	125	26	6.3	35	80
Nigeria 2006	143.3	1,014	49	50	97	159	3.6	168	59	5.7	34	96
Ghana 2006	21.1	920	61	63	55	83	1.9	112	48	4.4	57	65
Nigeria 2008	150.7	1,374	50	51	93	151	3.6	145	80	5.7	41	95
Ghana 2008	23.3	1,226	62	64	53	79	1.8	99	68	5.6	58	67
Nigeria 2010	158.4	1,278	51	52	88	143	3.6	133	63	5.1	38	95
Ghana 2010	24.4	1,325	63	65	50	74	1.8	86	67	5.2	60	66
OECD 2010	N/A	34,774	77	82	6.8	8.2	0.3	N/A	4,365	12.6	65	67

Notes: OECD = Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; LE = life expectancy at birth; IMR = infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births; U-5 year MR is per 1,000 live births; p-HIV = prevalence of HIV % of population aged 15–49; i-TB = incidence of TB per 100,000; GDP = Gross Domestic Product (in 2012 US$); THE = total health care expenditure; p.cap = per capita; OOP = Out of pocket. Source: World Bank [15].

ISSN: 1475-9276