Articles
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Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:9
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Regional disparities and influencing factors of high quality medical resources distribution in China
With the gradual increase of residents’ income and the continuous improvement of medical security system, people’s demand for pursuing higher quality and better medical and health services has been released. H...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:8 -
A critical interpretive synthesis of migrants’ experiences of the Australian health system
While the health of and healthcare use by migrants has received significant scholarly and policy attention in Australia, current debates highlight that a critical examination of the theoretical underpinnings o...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:7 -
Oppression and internalized oppression as an emerging theme in accessing healthcare: findings from a qualitative study assessing first-language related barriers among the Kurds in Turkey
Language has been well documented to be a key determinant of accessing healthcare. Most of the literature about language barrier in accessing healthcare is in the context of miscommunication. However, it is cr...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:6 -
What, if anything at all, do African societies themselves owe to their own citizens in terms of health?
The debate about global justice and health has focused so far on what developed countries owe to developing countries to advance global public health. Less attention has however been paid to the health obligat...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:5 -
Study designs, measures and indexes used in studying the structural racism as a social determinant of health in high income countries from 2000–2022: evidence from a scoping review
Globally, structural racism has been well documented as an important social determinant of health (SODH) resulting in racial inequality related to health. Although studies on structural racism have increased o...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:4 -
A scoping review on the impact of austerity on healthcare access in the European Union: rethinking austerity for the most vulnerable
There is consensus that the 2008 financial and economic crisis and related austerity measures adversely impacted access to healthcare. In light of the growing debt caused by the COVID-19 crisis, it is uncertai...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:3 -
Why are they “unreached”? Macro and Meso determinants of health care access in hard to reach areas of Odisha, India
Reaching hard to reach populations is key to reduce health inequities. Despite targeted interventions, status of crucial public health indicators like neonatal and maternal mortality is still far from optimal....
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:2 -
Association of rurality, type of primary caregiver and place of death with end-of-life medical expenditures among the oldest-old population in China
Understanding whether the type of primary caregiver and end-of-life (EOL) care location are associated with EOL medical expenditures is crucial to inform global debates on policies for efficient and effective ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2023 22:1 -
Assessing the inequality in out-of-pocket health expenditure among the chronically and non-chronically ill in Saudi Arabia: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis
Many high-income countries have made significant progress towards achieving universal health coverage. Nevertheless, out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure continues to undermine the effectiveness of the unive...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:192 -
The economics of healthcare access: a scoping review on the economic impact of healthcare access for vulnerable urban populations in low- and middle-income countries
The growing urban population imposes additional challenges for health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We explored the economic burden and inequities in healthcare utilisation across slum, ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:191 -
Who is protected? Determinants of hepatitis B infant vaccination completion among a prospective cohort of migrant workers in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic
Hepatitis B causes significant disease and death globally, despite the availability of effective vaccination. Migration likewise affects hundreds of millions of people annually, many of whom are women and chil...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:190 -
Zoonoses in the margins: environmental displacement and health outcomes in the Indus Delta
It remains unclear how human and animal displacement impacts zoonotic disease risk with little contextualized primary data available. This study investigates zoonotic disease dynamics in populations regularly ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:189 -
Catastrophic pharmaceutical expenditure in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran
This study aimed to assess the financial burden of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments to purchase antidiabetic medicines for type 2 patients in Iran.
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:188 -
Achieving optimal heath data impact in rural African healthcare settings: measures to barriers in Bukomansimbi District, Central Uganda
Health data is one of the most valuable assets in health service delivery yet one of the most underutilized in especially low-income countries. Health data is postulated to improve health service delivery thro...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:187 -
Preventing early childhood transmission of hepatitis B in remote Aboriginal communities in northern Australia
Chronic hepatitis B is a public health concern in Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory of Australia with prevalence almost four times the non-Aboriginal population. Infection is suspected to mainly...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:186 -
Shifting the narrative: equity, evidence, effectiveness, and innovation in the era of Ending the HIV Epidemic
The use of evidence-based (EB) and evidence-informed (EI) criteria in determining the effectiveness of health interventions has been widely adopted by national and international agencies in their attempt to ad...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:185 -
Waiting times in healthcare: equal treatment for equal need?
In many universal health systems, waiting times act as a non-monetary rationing mechanism, one that should be based on clinical need rather than the ability to pay. However, there is growing evidence that amon...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:184 -
Challenges of design, implementation, acceptability, and potential for, biomedical technologies in the Peruvian Amazon
Biomedical technologies have the potential to be advantageous in remote communities. However, information about barriers faced by users of technology in general and in remote Indigenous communities is scarce. ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:183 -
Intersectionality, health equity, and EDI: What’s the difference for health researchers?
Many countries adopted comprehensive national initiatives to promote equity in higher education with the goal of transforming the culture of research. Major health research funders are supporting this work thr...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:182 -
Telemedicine in community shelters: possibilities to improve chronic care among people experiencing homelessness in Hungary
Digital health has expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the exclusion of vulnerable populations with limited access to these technologies widens the gap to receive proper care. There is very little dat...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:181 -
Financial burden and health-seeking behaviors related to chronic diseases under the National Health Insurance Scheme in Bolikhamxay Province, Lao PDR: a cross-sectional study
Chronic diseases pose a serious threat to health and longevity worldwide. As chronic diseases require long periods of treatment and may become serious conditions, the ensuing financial burden is often worse th...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:180 -
Scoping ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ in rehabilitation: (mis)representations and effects
Researchers have highlighted a large-scale global unmet need for rehabilitation. While sex and gender have been shown to interact with each other and with other social and structural factors to influence healt...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:179 -
Inequities in ambulance allocation associated with transfer delay and mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients: evidence from 89 emergency medical stations in China
Allocation of healthcare resources has a great influence on treatment and outcome of patients. This study aimed to access the inequality of ambulance allocation across regions, and estimate the associations be...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:178 -
Unaffordability of COVID-19 tests: assessing age-related inequalities in 83 countries
Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 is critical to manage the pandemic and its different waves. The requirement to pay out-of-pocket (OOP) for testing potentially represents both a financial barrier to access an...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21(Suppl 3):177 -
Health-related quality of life by household income in Chile: a concentration index decomposition analysis
Health inequities have a profound impact on all dimensions of people’s lives, with invariably worse results among the most disadvantaged, transforming them into a more fragile and vulnerable population. These ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:176 -
‘HIV ended up in second place’ − prioritizing social integration in the shadow of social exclusion: an interview study with migrants living with HIV in Sweden
Migrants are overrepresented among people living with HIV in Sweden as they often face conditions that increased their risk and vulnerability for HIV/STI infections prior, during or after migration. Yet, there...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:175 -
The COVID-19 pandemic and health workforce brain drain in Nigeria
Over the years, the Nigerian healthcare workforce, including doctors, nurses, and pharmacists have always been known to emigrate to developed countries to practice. However, the recent dramatic increase in thi...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:174 -
Health gender gap in Uganda: do weather effects and water play a role?
Vulnerabilities of men and women to adverse health effects due to weather variability and climate change are not equal. Uganda was among the countries in the world most affected by extreme weather events durin...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:173 -
Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT and HEAT Plus): exploring inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic era
The Sustainable Development Goals have helped to focus attention on the importance of reducing inequality and ‘leaving no one behind’. Monitoring health inequalities is essential for providing evidence to info...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21(Suppl 3):172 -
Help-seeking and challenges faced by transwomen following exposure to gender-based violence; a qualitative study in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area, Uganda
The high prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) among transwomen is a human rights and public health challenge. Nonetheless, there is limited evidence of sources of GBV support services and the challenges f...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:171 -
What can we learn from China’s health insurance reform to improve the horizontal equity of healthcare financing?
Universal health coverage is a challenge to horizontal equity in healthcare financing. Since 1998, China has extended its healthcare insurance schemes, and individuals with equal incomes but different attribut...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:170 -
Health effects of Indigenous language use and revitalization: a realist review
Indigenous populations across the world are more likely to suffer from poor health outcomes when compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Although these disparities have many sources, one protective factor ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:169 -
The right of access to healthcare: an analysis of how legal and institutional frameworks constrain or facilitate access to healthcare for residents in border areas in the East African Community
Despite many countries working hard to attain Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and the Health-related Sustainable Development Goals, access to healthcare services has remained a challenge for communities residi...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:168 -
The World Health Organization COVID-19 surveillance database
In January 2020, SARS-CoV-2 virus was identified as a cause of an outbreak in China. The disease quickly spread worldwide, and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic in March 2020.
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21(Suppl 3):167 -
Employing innovative evidence-backed community processes for maternal health services by Dalit women
Health care services express social and structural inequalities, especially for Dalits and women, due to the indignity and discrimination experienced in health care facilities. Jagrutha Mahila Sanghatane (JMS)...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21(Suppl 1):166 -
Revisiting revitalization: exploring how structural determinants moderate pathways between neighborhood change and health
Vacant housing can produce many issues that affect residents’ quality of life, especially in historically segregated communities of color. To address these challenges, local governments invest in strategic, pl...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:165 -
Mâmawihitowin (bringing the camps together): Perinatal healthcare provider and staff participation in an Indigenous-led experiential intervention for enhancing culturally informed care—a mixed methods study
In partnership with a Nehiyawak (Plains Cree) community of Maskwacîs,central Alberta (Canada), we implemented an Indigenous-led intervention to provide experiential learning opportunities for perinatal health ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:164 -
An Aboriginal Community-Controlled Health Organization model of service delivery: qualitative process evaluation of the Tulku wan Wininn mobile clinic
Mobile clinics have been implemented in diverse clinical and geographical settings to provide proximal health care for specific populations. Primary health care mobile clinics have been implemented widely for ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:163 -
Effects of decreasing the out-of-pocket expenses for outpatient care on health-seeking behaviors, health outcomes and medical expenses of people with diabetes: evidence from China
To improve access to outpatient services and provide financial support in outpatient expenses for the insured, China has been establishing its scheme of decreasing the out-of-pocket expenses for outpatient car...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:162 -
Spatial effects of air pollution on the economic burden of disease: implications of health and environment crisis in a post-COVID-19 world
Air pollution has been identified as related to the diseases of susceptible population, but the spatial heterogeneity of its economic burden and its determinants are rarely investigated. The issue is of great ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:161 -
Financing care for Severe Stigmatizing Skin Diseases (SSSDs) in Liberia: challenges and opportunities
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are an important global health challenge, however, little is known about how to effectively finance NTD related services. Integrated management in particular, is put forward ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:160 -
The association between preventive health and outpatient spending and life expectancy by income quartile
To describe the relationship between longevity and local access to preventive healthcare at the county level.
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:159 -
Education-related inequalities in beliefs and behaviors pertaining to COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions
The coronavirus pandemic has exposed existing social inequalities in relation to disease preventive behaviors, risk of exposure, testing and healthcare access, and consequences as a result of illness and conta...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21(Suppl 3):158 -
Socio-economic inequalities in the use of drugs for the treatment of chronic diseases in Italy
Since the use of medicines is strongly correlated to population health needs, higher drug consumption is expected in socio-economical deprived areas. However, no systematic study investigated the relationship ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:157 -
Social and structural determinants of emergency department use among Arab and Jewish patients in Jerusalem
A growing body of research demonstrates that economic conditions and racial and ethnic disparities result in excessive overuse of emergency departments (EDs) by a small group of socioeconomically marginalized ...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:156 -
The philosophical foundations of ‘health for all’ and Universal Health Coverage
The WHO constitution calls for ‘health for all’ and Universal Health Coverage has been called “the ultimate expression of fairness”, however it is not always clear how health systems can move towards equity. S...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:155 -
The evolvement of trust in response to the COVID-19 pandemic among migrants in Norway
The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound consequences for the world’s population, particularly for vulnerable groups like migrants who face barriers to healthcare access. Trust in authorities is crucial to any c...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:154 -
Research and implementation interactions in a social accountability study: utilizing guidance for conducting process evaluations of complex interventions
In recent years, researchers and evaluators have made efforts to identify and use appropriate and innovative research designs that account for the complexity in studying social accountability. The relationship...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21(Suppl 1):153 -
Primary health care as a platform for addressing racial discrimination to “leave no one behind” and reduce health inequities
The health inequities faced by populations experiencing racial discrimination, including indigenous peoples and people of African descent, Roma, and other ethnic minorities, are an issue of global concern. Hea...
Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2022 21:152
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