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  1. In Canada, 91% of all mothers initiate breastfeeding, but 40–50% stop by 6 months and only 34% breastfeed exclusively for 6 months, with lower rates among socially and/or economically vulnerable women. The Can...

    Authors: Jane Francis, Alison Mildon, Stacia Stewart, Bronwyn Underhill, Samantha Ismail, Erica Di Ruggiero, Valerie Tarasuk, Daniel W. Sellen and Deborah L. O’Connor

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:71

    Content type: Research

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  2. Given the heightened rhetorical prominence the World Health Organization has afforded to equity in the past half-century, it is important to better understand how equity has been referred to and its conceptual...

    Authors: Michelle M. Amri, Geneviève Jessiman-Perreault, Arjumand Siddiqi, Patricia O’Campo, Theresa Enright and Erica Di Ruggiero

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:70

    Content type: Review

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  3. While the terms ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ represent distinct concepts, their influence may intersect as important determinants of health. Despite their influence in shaping individual health outcomes, there is often ...

    Authors: Allison Williams, Joonsoo Sean Lyeo, Sophie Geffros and Alexander Mouriopoulos

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:69

    Content type: Review

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  4. Indigenous people tend to exhibit a higher burden of disability than their non-Indigenous counterparts, and are often underserved by disability services. Engaging appropriately with Indigenous communities, fam...

    Authors: Angeline Ferdinand, Libby Massey, Jennifer Cullen, Jeromey Temple, Kristy Meiselbach, Yin Paradies, Gareth Baynam, Ravi Savarirayan and Margaret Kelaher

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:68

    Content type: Research

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  5. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child confirms a child’s right to adequate food, and to the highest attainable standard of health. For indigenous children, these rights are also recognised i...

    Authors: Christina McKerchar, Cameron Lacey, Gillian Abel and Louise Signal

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:67

    Content type: Research

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  6. Fragmentation in health insurance system may lead to inequity in financial access to and utilization of health care services. One possible option to overcome this challenge is merging the existing health insur...

    Authors: Mohammad Bazyar, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Arash Rashidian and Anahita Behzadi

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:66

    Content type: Review

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  7. Physician-patient communication behavior (PPCB) is the primary process by which medical decision-making occurs and health outcome depends. Physician-patient communication differences may partly from the ethnic...

    Authors: Muhammad Zakaria, Rezaul Karim, Murshida Rahman, Feng Cheng and Junfang Xu

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:65

    Content type: Research

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  8. Post-hospital discharge mortality risk is high among young children in many low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The available literature suggests that child, caregiver and health care provider gender all ...

    Authors: Md. Fakhar Uddin, Sassy Molyneux, Kui Muraya, Md. Alamgir Hossain, Md. Aminul Islam, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Scholastica M. Zakayo, Rita Wanjuki Njeru, Julie Jemutai, James A. Berkley, Judd L. Walson, Tahmeed Ahmed, Haribondhu Sarma and Mohammod Jobayer Chisti

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:64

    Content type: Research

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  9. Despite substantial reductions in perinatal deaths (stillbirths and early neonatal deaths), India’s perinatal mortality rates remain high, both nationally and in individual states. Rates are highest among disa...

    Authors: Andrea K. Blanchard, Shahnaz Ansari, Rajni Rajput, Tim Colbourn, Tanja A. J. Houweling, Shajy Isac, John Anthony and Audrey Prost

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:63

    Content type: Research

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  10. Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) among the Chinese elderly warrants attention. However, the incidence, intensity and determinants of CHE have not been fully investigated. This study explores the incidence...

    Authors: Shiai Liu, Peter C. Coyte, Mingqi Fu and Qilin Zhang

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:62

    Content type: Research

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  11. Half of the people living in social exclusion in the Czech Republic are of Roma origin. The worse health of Roma could be partly explained by numerous barriers to accessing health care. Therefore, our study ai...

    Authors: Ivana Svobodova, Daniela Filakovska Bobakova, Lucia Bosakova and Zuzana Dankulincova Veselska

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:61

    Content type: Research

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  12. Access to healthcare is critical for the implementation of Universal Health Coverage. With the development of healthcare insurance systems around the world, spatial impedance to healthcare institutions has att...

    Authors: Xiuli Wang, Barnabas C. Seyler, Wei Han and Jay Pan

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:60

    Content type: Research

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  13. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is a prestigious award given every year for ostensibly the most important discovery in the field. Prizes in Medicine have typically gone to honor foundational knowledg...

    Authors: Zachary M. Linneman and David J. Satin

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:59

    Content type: Commentary

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  14. Utilization of primary-care and specialist physicians seems to be associated differently with socioeconomic status (SES). This review aims to summarize and compare the evidence on socioeconomic inequalities in...

    Authors: Sara Lena Lueckmann, Jens Hoebel, Julia Roick, Jenny Markert, Jacob Spallek, Olaf von dem Knesebeck and Matthias Richter

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:58

    Content type: Systematic review

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  15. Differential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have brought deeply rooted inequities to the forefront, where increasing evidence has shown that racialized immigrant and migrant (im/migrant) populations face a d...

    Authors: Stefanie Machado and Shira Goldenberg

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:57

    Content type: Commentary

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  16. Over the past decade, social accountability for health has coalesced into a distinct field of research and practice. Whether explicitly stated or not, changed power relations are at the heart of what social ac...

    Authors: Marta Schaaf, Suzanne Cant, Joanna Cordero, Sana Contractor, Etobssie Wako and Cicely Marston

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:56

    Content type: Commentary

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  17. Inequitable gender norms, beliefs and behaviors, are shaped by learning experiences during key developmental stages in an individual’s life course, and can have negative impacts on health and well-being outcom...

    Authors: Megan Cherewick, Sarah Lebu, Christine Su, Lisa Richards, Prosper F. Njau and Ronald E. Dahl

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:55

    Content type: Research

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  18. Intersectionality theory combined with an analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA) can facilitate our understanding of health disparities. This enables the application of propor...

    Authors: Maria Wemrell, Nadja Karlsson, Raquel Perez Vicente and Juan Merlo

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:54

    Content type: Research

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  19. For people who experience social inequities and structural violence, pain and related care are inexorably linked to experiences of injustice and stigma. The purpose of this study was to examine in greater dept...

    Authors: Bruce Wallace, Colleen Varcoe, Cindy Holmes, Mehmoona Moosa-Mitha, Gregg Moor, Maria Hudspith and Kenneth D. Craig

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:53

    Content type: Research

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  20. China initiated a reform of the health insurance system in the late 1990s. The new insurance, Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI), is employment-based, which makes it more difficult than it used to ...

    Authors: Mei Zhou, Shaoyang Zhao and Zhi Zhao

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:52

    Content type: Research

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  22. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reached the Brazilian Amazon and spread among indigenous populations. In the present study, we demonstrate a high pr...

    Authors: Eliene Putira Sacuema Rodrigues, Isabella Nogueira Abreu, Carlos Neandro Cordeiro Lima, Dennyson Leandro Mathias da Fonseca, Sávio Felipe Gomes Pereira, Laena Costa dos Reis, Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto, João Farias Guerreiro and Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:50

    Content type: Commentary

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  23. Health outcomes in India are characterized by pervasive inequities due to deeply entrenched socio-economic gradients amongst the population. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate these systematic disparit...

    Authors: Veenapani Rajeev Verma and Umakant Dash

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:49

    Content type: Research

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  24. Latin America (LA) has experienced constant economic and political crises that coincide with periods of greater inequality. Between 1996 and 2007 Ecuador went through one of the greatest political and socio-ec...

    Authors: Paulina Rios Quituizaca, Giovanna Gatica-Domínguez, Devaki Nambiar, Jair Licio Ferreira Santos, Stefan Brück, Luis Vidaletti Ruas and Aluisio J.D. Barros

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:48

    Content type: Research

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  25. Older adults are more prone to various diseases. Health insurance becomes effective mechanism to relieve financial burden when the insured is sick. In China, most older adults live in the countryside, and New ...

    Authors: Shaoguo Zhai, Shuiping Yuan and Quanfang Dong

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:47

    Content type: Research

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  26. Child stunting is a global health concern. Stunting leads to several consequences on child survival, growth, and development. The absolute level of stunting has been decreasing in Tanzania from from 50% in 199...

    Authors: Edwin Musheiguza, Michael J. Mahande, Elias Malamala, Sia E. Msuya, Festo Charles, Rune Philemon and Melina Mgongo

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:46

    Content type: Research

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  27. The health of refugee women after settlement in a new country, can be adversely or positively affected by individual, interpersonal, community, and organizational factors. While much of the previous literature...

    Authors: Maren M. Hawkins, Marin E. Schmitt, Comfort Tosin Adebayo, Jennifer Weitzel, Oluwatoyin Olukotun, Anastassia M. Christensen, Ashley M. Ruiz, Kelsey Gilman, Kyla Quigley, Anne Dressel and Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:45

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  28. The COVID-19 pandemic has deteriorated key determinants of health and caused major upheavals around the world. Children, although less directly affected by the virus, are paying a heavy price through the indir...

    Authors: Boutaina Zemrani, Mario Gehri, Eric Masserey, Cyril Knob and Rachel Pellaton

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:44

    Content type: Commentary

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  29. China has nearly achieved universal health insurance coverage, but considerable unmet healthcare needs still exist. Although this topic has attracted great attention, there have been few studies examining the ...

    Authors: Shenping Zhou, Tianyu Huang, Anqi Li and Zhonghua Wang

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:43

    Content type: Research

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  30. Patients’ experiences with health providers and their diagnostic and treatment expectations are shaped by cultural health beliefs and previous experiences with healthcare services in home country. This study e...

    Authors: Raquel Herrero-Arias and Esperanza Diaz

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:42

    Content type: Research

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  31. There is little verified information on global healthcare utilization by irregular migrants. Understanding how immigrants use healthcare services based on their needs is crucial to establish effective health p...

    Authors: Luis Andrés Gimeno-Feliu, Marta Pastor-Sanz, Beatriz Poblador-Plou, Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga, Esperanza Díaz and Alexandra Prados-Torres

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:41

    Content type: Research

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  32. There is an increasing global trend towards urbanization. In general, there are less food access issues in urban than rural areas, but this “urban advantage” does not benefit the poorest who face disproportion...

    Authors: Mireya Vilar-Compte, Soraya Burrola-Méndez, Annel Lozano-Marrufo, Isabel Ferré-Eguiluz, Diana Flores, Pablo Gaitán-Rossi, Graciela Teruel and Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:40

    Content type: Systematic review

    Published on:

  33. The present study seeks to evaluate the change in mental health inequalities in the department of Meta after the signing of Colombia’s Peace Agreement in 2016 with the FARC guerrilla group. Using a validated s...

    Authors: Sebastián León-Giraldo, Germán Casas, Juan Sebastián Cuervo-Sánchez, Catalina González-Uribe, Antonio Olmos, Noemi Kreif, Marc Suhrcke, Oscar Bernal and Rodrigo Moreno-Serra

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:39

    Content type: Research

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  35. Equity, efficiency, sustainability, acceptability to clients and providers, and quality are the cornerstones of universal health coverage (UHC). No country has a single way to achieve efficient UHC. In this st...

    Authors: Leila Doshmangir, Mohammad Bazyar, Arash Rashidian and Vladimir Sergeevich Gordeev

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:37

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  36. Effective treatment has extended the life expectancy and reduced disability in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, previous research has found 45–65% of working-age PLWH were unemployed compared to 5–10% i...

    Authors: Melissa Perri, Amy-Craig Neil, Mark Gaspar, Charlotte Hunter, Claire Kendall, Ower Alexander and Andrew D. Pinto

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:36

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  37. China issued strict nationwide guidelines to combat the COVID-19 outbreak in January 2020 and gradually loosened the restrictions on movement in early March. Little is known about how these disease control mea...

    Authors: Huan Wang, Markus Zhang, Robin Li, Oliver Zhong, Hannah Johnstone, Huan Zhou, Hao Xue, Sean Sylvia, Matthew Boswell, Prashant Loyalka and Scott Rozelle

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:35

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  38. This special issue “Realizing the Right to Health in Latin America and the Caribbean” provides an overview of one of the most challenging objectives of health systems: equity and the realization of the right t...

    Authors: Manuela Villar Uribe, Maria-Luisa Escobar, Ana Lorena Ruano and Roberto F. Iunes

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:34

    Content type: Commentary

    Published on:

  39. In order to provide experiences for international epidemic control, this study systematically summarized the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and control policies in Japan, Italy, China and Singa...

    Authors: Xiaohan Wang, Leiyu Shi, Yuyao Zhang, Haiqian Chen and Gang Sun

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:33

    Content type: Research

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  40. Community health worker (CHW) programs have been positioned as a way to meet the needs of those who experience marginalization and inequitable access to health care, and current global health narratives also e...

    Authors: Christina A. Laurenzi, Sarah Skeen, Bronwynè J. Coetzee, Vuyolwethu Notholi, Sarah Gordon, Emma Chademana, Julia Bishop and Mark Tomlinson

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:32

    Content type: Research

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  41. Planning for the implementation of community scorecards (CSC) is an important, though seldom documented process. Makerere University School of Public Health (MakSPH) and Future Health Systems Consortium set ou...

    Authors: Elizabeth Ekirapa Kiracho, Christine Aanyu, Rebecca Racheal Apolot, Suzanne Namusoke Kiwanuka and Ligia Paina

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:31

    Content type: Research

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  42. Over the years, the Kyrgyz Republic has implemented health reforms that target health financing with the aim of removing financial barriers to healthcare including out-of-pocket health payments (OOPPs). This s...

    Authors: Mariia Iamshchikova, Roman Mogilevskii and Michael Nnachebe Onah

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:30

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  43. Despite high level of health care need amongst people experiencing homelessness, poor access is a major concern. This is sometimes due to organisational and bureaucratic barriers, but also because they often f...

    Authors: Kelly Howells, Martin Burrows, Mat Amp, Rachel Brennan, Wan-Ley Yeung, Shaun Jackson, Joanne Dickinson, Julie Draper, Stephen Campbell, Darren Ashcroft, Tom Blakeman and Caroline Sanders

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:29

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  44. Whilst global health research often involves international collaborations, achieving or promoting equity within collaborations remains a key challenge, despite established conceptual approaches and the develop...

    Authors: Marlyn C. Faure, Nchangwi S. Munung, Ntobeko A. B. Ntusi, Bridget Pratt and Jantina de Vries

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:28

    Content type: Research

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  45. Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Sedentary time (SED) is an important predictor of obesity. To be able to diminish SED it is important to find modifia...

    Authors: Elviira Lehto, Reetta Lehto, Carola Ray, Riikka Pajulahti, Nina Sajaniemi, Maijaliisa Erkkola and Eva Roos

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:27

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  47. Previous studies have indicated that older adults with multimorbidity had higher risk of incurring catastrophic health expenditure (CHE). However, the effect of co-occurrence of frailty on CHE among single emp...

    Authors: Zhengyue Jing, Jie Li, Pei Pei Fu, Yi Wang, Yemin Yuan, Dan Zhao, Wenting Hao, Caiting Yu and Chengchao Zhou

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:23

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. Breastfeeding has positive impacts on the health, environment, and economic wealth of families and countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) in 1991 a...

    Authors: Andini Pramono, Julie Smith, Jane Desborough and Siobhan Bourke

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:22

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  49. Homelessness and associated mortality and multimorbidity rates are increasing. Systematic reviews have demonstrated a lack of complex interventions that decrease unscheduled emergency health services utilisati...

    Authors: Richard Lowrie, Kate Stock, Sharon Lucey, Megan Knapp, Andrea Williamson, Margaret Montgomery, Cian Lombard, Donogh Maguire, Rachael Allan, Rebecca Blair, Vibhu Paudyal and Frances S. Mair

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:19

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  50. Equity and inclusion are important principles in policy development and implementation. The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which equity and inclusion were considered in the development of Malawi...

    Authors: Ikenna D. Ebuenyi, Emma M. Smith, Alister Munthali, Steven W. Msowoya, Juba Kafumba, Monica Z. Jamali and Malcolm MacLachlan

    Citation: International Journal for Equity in Health 2021 20:18

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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International Journal for Equity in Health

ISSN: 1475-9276

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