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Table 4 Logistic regression model of gender difference vision exam among 19,934 students in different family structure

From: Gender differences in vision health-seeking behavior and vision health outcomes among rural Chinese schoolchildren by birth order and family size

Variable

Vision exam

All sample

Student is the only child in the family

Student is the youngest child in the family

Student is the oldest child in the family

Student is the middle child in the family

Female

-0.023***

-0.014

-0.008

-0.040***

-0.030*

(-0.005)

(-0.021)

(-0.009)

(-0.01)

(-0.014)

LogMAR

0.304***

0.327***

0.277***

0.342***

0.261***

(-0.015)

(-0.035)

(-0.02)

(-0.023)

(-0.031)

Age

0.006

-0.008

0.009*

0.001

0.016*

(-0.004)

(-0.009)

(-0.005)

(-0.005)

(-0.007)

Math score

0.008

0.018

0.009

0.01

-0.001

(-0.005)

(-0.01)

(-0.006)

(-0.006)

(-0.008)

Both parents have an education level above high school

0.053***

0.043

0.031*

0.073***

0.032

(-0.01)

(-0.022)

(-0.015)

(-0.013)

(-0.017)

Left behind children

0.004

0.021

-0.01

0.007

-0.002

(-0.009)

(-0.026)

(-0.012)

(-0.015)

(-0.019)

Household assets are in the bottom 25%

-0.032***

-0.042

-0.018

-0.041***

-0.038**

(-0.007)

(-0.022)

(-0.009)

(-0.011)

(-0.012)

Location

-0.016

-0.001

-0.013

-0.014

-0.002

(-0.019)

(-0.031)

(-0.019)

(-0.022)

(-0.023)

N

19916

1938

7718

6693

3567

  1. Standard errors in parentheses. *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05