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Table 2 Multidomain-multilevel challenges in equity in MNH services in Nepal, 2019

From: Multidomain and multilevel strategies to improve equity in maternal and newborn health services in Nepal: perspectives of health managers and policymakers

Themes (domain)

Marco-level

Meso-level

Micro-level

Provision of poor-quality MNH services (HS)

+

+

+++

Poor empowerment in decision making on health services (I)

+

+

+++

Inadequate community participation and engagement (S)

+

+

+++

Limited contextualisation of non-health sector programs (I)

+

+++

++

Inadequate evidence-informed health programs (HS)

+

+++

+

Weak decentralisation in the health sector (S)

++

+++

++

Weak health planning and management (HS)

+++

++

+

Inadequate collaboration for health in all policies (I)

+++

++

++

Politicisation of health workforces (S)

+++

++

+

Unregulated private health services (S)

+++

++

+

Weak digital governance and institutionalisation of policies (S)

+++

++

+

Corruption and limited accountability in health sector (S)

+++

++

+

  1. S = structural; I = intermediary; HS = health system challenges. “+” = 25–30% of the total study participants agreed. Themes 1-3, 4-6, 7-12 indicate perceived high influence at the micro, meso and macro levels, respectively