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Table 5 Horizontal inequity and reranking of Chinese rural health care financing system in 2002

From: What can we learn from China’s health insurance reform to improve the horizontal equity of healthcare financing?

Decile

Equivalent household expenditure

General taxes

Social insurance contributions

Private insurance premiums

OOP

Total

1—poorest

1.95%

1.95%

1.24%

7.11%

2.23%

2.39%

2

3.64%

3.89%

9.16%

1.23%

3.28%

3.25%

3

4.73%

5.01%

4.20%

0.39%

4.54%

4.40%

4

5.51%

5.94%

3.42%

2.04%

4.53%

4.46%

5

6.68%

7.16%

1.56%

1.01%

5.32%

5.17%

6

7.61%

8.20%

9.13%

4.73%

5.85%

5.88%

7

8.41%

8.62%

10.52%

11.97%

9.63%

9.70%

8

9.98%

10.46%

13.46%

9.65%

9.04%

9.11%

9

12.43%

12.72%

9.07%

23.69%

10.98%

11.46%

10—richest

39.05%

36.05%

38.24%

38.18%

44.59%

44.17%

total

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

g

 

0.003045

0.000989

0.005995

0.156473

0.166504

V

 

—0.000309

—0.000169

0.000023

—0.002670

—0.003247

H

 

—0.000222

—0.000089

0.000114

0.002336

0.002201

R

 

0.000000

0.000000

0.000321

0.003959

0.004429

RE

 

—0.000087

—0.000080

—0.000412

—0.008965

—0.009877

RE / RE

 

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

V / RE

 

355.21%

210.90%

—5.58%

29.78%

32.87%

H / RE

 

255.21%

110.90%

—27.62%

—26.06%

—22.28%

R / RE

 

0.00%

0.00%

—77.96%

—44.16%

—44.85%

  1. OOP out-of-pocket payment
  2. g Payments as fraction of income
  3. V Vertical effect
  4. H Horizontal inequity
  5. R Reranking
  6. RE Redistributive effect