Table 2 A comparison of political economy variables between Zimbabwe and other settings
From: The political economy of health financing reforms in Zimbabwe: a scoping review
Explanatory variable | Zimbabwe | Other settings/developed countries |
|---|---|---|
Ideas/Ideology | -Non-portrayal of polarized ideologies -Influence of external factors on ideology -Ideology sponsors are generally non-visible | -Left-right wing ideologies -Home grown ideologies /crafters of ideologies that diffuse to developing countries -Ideology sponsors can be visible |
Interests | -Centralized system (power is concentrated in the state) -Health financing reforms not ‘high politics’ for electoral cycles -Non-visible contestation of power -No clear winners and losers -Non-organized interests -Limited role of strategic coalitions and constituency mobilization -Role of external factors/agencies (donors, global health discourses, WHO) | -Pluralistic system (power is dispersed amongst actors) -Health financing reforms a subject of ‘high politics’ for electoral cycles -Visible power contestation -Clear winners and losers -Organized interests -Strategic coalitions and constituency mobilization -Limited role of external factors |
Institutions | -Influence of informal institutions -Non-legislative reform process -Limited veto points -Reform process framed within the adoption of globally instituted policies/concepts and commitment to regional and international treaties and statutes (e.g., SDGs, UHC, Abuja declaration) -Swift policy reform possible | -Policy reform predominantly through formal institutions -Reform through legislative process -Multiple veto points -Reform process framed within domestic interests -Generally slow reform process |