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Table 3 Changes in disparities in healthcare utilisation between health insurances, 2008-2018

From: Trends in disparities in healthcare utilisation between and within health insurances in China between 2008 and 2018: a repeated cross-sectional study

Comparison groups

Ratio between comparison groups1

Absolute change between 2008 and 2018 (percentage points)2

2008

p value3

2013

p value3

2018

p value3

UEBMI: Uninsured

 Outpatient visit

1.4

< 0.0001

1.5

< 0.0001

1.3

< 0.0001

−1.7

 Inpatient admission

2.1

< 0.0001

2.1

< 0.0001

2.0

< 0.0001

−2.5

 Foregone inpatient care

0.7

< 0.0001

0.8

0.0135

0.6

< 0.0001

0.2

URBMI: Uninsured

 Outpatient visit

1.0

0.5047

1.4

< 0.0001

1.3

< 0.0001

−6.3

 Inpatient admission

1.2

0.0072

1.3

< 0.0001

1.7

< 0.0001

−4.1

 Foregone inpatient care

0.9

0.2017

0.9

0.5141

0.8

0.0001

3.3

NRCMS: Uninsured

 Outpatient visit

1.4

< 0.0001

1.5

< 0.0001

1.4

< 0.0001

−3.1

 Inpatient admission

1.6

< 0.0001

1.7

< 0.0001

1.9

< 0.0001

−4.3

 Foregone inpatient care

0.8

< 0.0001

0.9

0.3622

0.8

0.0037

−3

UEBMI: URBMI

 Outpatient visit

1.4

< 0.0001

1.1

< 0.0001

1.0

0.0132

4.6

 Inpatient admission

1.8

< 0.0001

1.6

< 0.0001

1.2

< 0.0001

1.6

 Foregone inpatient care

0.8

0.0029

0.9

0.0011

0.8

< 0.0001

−3.1

UEBMI: NRCMS

 Outpatient visit

0.9

0.0004

1.0

0.4434

0.9

< 0.0001

1.4

 Inpatient admission

1.3

< 0.0001

1.2

< 0.0001

1.0

0.0027

1.8

 Foregone inpatient care

0.9

0.1070

0.9

< 0.0001

0.8

< 0.0001

3.2

URBMI: NRCMS

 Outpatient visit

0.7

< 0.0001

0.9

< 0.0001

0.9

< 0.0001

−3.2

 Inpatient admission

0.7

< 0.0001

0.8

< 0.0001

0.9

< 0.0001

0.2

 Foregone inpatient care

1.2

0.0169

1.0

0.6858

0.9

0.0024

6.3

  1. 1Ratios were generated by dividing the crude rates of healthcare utilisation between the comparison groups. The ratio indicates the gap between the comparison groups, where 1 implies no gap
  2. 2The difference in crude rates in 2008 minus the difference in crude rates in 2018 for the comparison groups
  3. 3P-values test for significant differences for each indicator in each year for the comparison groups