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Table 5 Average impact of providing voucher on eyeglasses uptake and usage

From: Gender equity in vision care seeking behavior among caregivers: evidence from a randomized controlled trial in rural China

 

Eyeglasses Uptake

Eyeglasses Usage

 

Short term

Long term

Short term

Long term

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

 

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

1. Voucher

0.606***

0.615***

0.447***

0.454***

0.446***

0.451***

0.246***

0.265***

(0.022)

(0.020)

(0.024)

(0.024)

(0.025)

(0.023)

(0.027)

(0.025)

Control variables

2. Age (Years)

 

0.011

 

0.020**

 

0.021**

 

−0.000

 

(0.009)

 

(0.010)

 

(0.010)

 

(0.013)

3. Female (1 = yes)

 

0.009

 

−0.002

 

−0.005

 

0.001

 

(0.016)

 

(0.019)

 

(0.018)

 

(0.021)

4. Boarding at school (1 = yes)

 

0.017

 

0.005

 

0.051*

 

0.007

 

(0.027)

 

(0.034)

 

(0.029)

 

(0.032)

5. Grade four (1 = yes)

 

−0.009

 

0.004

 

−0.009

 

−0.041*

 

(0.017)

 

(0.021)

 

(0.023)

 

(0.024)

6. Student has eyeglasses at baseline (1 = yes)

 

0.468***

 

0.302***

 

0.494***

 

0.363***

 

(0.047)

 

(0.033)

 

(0.046)

 

(0.033)

7. Left-behind child (1 = yes)

 

−0.001

 

−0.035

 

−0.003

 

−0.047

 

(0.022)

 

(0.030)

 

(0.031)

 

(0.032)

8. Visual acuity of worse eye (LogMAR)

 

0.085**

 

0.181***

 

0.086*

 

0.302***

 

(0.042)

 

(0.049)

 

(0.049)

 

(0.053)

9. Father has completed high school (1 = yes)

 

0.003

 

−0.005

 

0.025

 

0.022

 

(0.022)

 

(0.026)

 

(0.023)

 

(0.030)

10. Mother has completed high school (1 = yes)

 

0.014

 

0.005

 

−0.000

 

0.020

 

(0.026)

 

(0.030)

 

(0.031)

 

(0.030)

11. At least one family member wears glasses (1 = yes)

 

0.020

 

0.032

 

0.023

 

0.047**

 

(0.018)

 

(0.021)

 

(0.020)

 

(0.021)

12. Household asset index

 

0.004

 

0.013

 

0.003

 

0.009

 

(0.007)

 

(0.008)

 

(0.006)

 

(0.008)

13. Distance from school to the county seat (km)

 

−0.002***

 

−0.001

 

−0.002**

 

0.001**

 

(0.001)

 

(0.001)

 

(0.001)

 

(0.001)

14. Constant

0.262***

0.039

0.456***

0.075

0.227***

−0.131

0.379***

0.042

(0.015)

(0.102)

(0.019)

(0.126)

(0.016)

(0.120)

(0.019)

(0.155)

15. Observations

1989

1980

1950

1941

1989

1980

1950

1941

16. R-squared

0.411

0.533

0.262

0.332

0.258

0.395

0.122

0.231

17. Mean in prescription group

0.248

 

0.427

 

0.210

 

0.345

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