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Table 3 Distribution of financial health benefits of overall spending on curative services

From: How equitable is health spending on curative services and institutional delivery in Malawi? Evidence from a quasi-longitudinal benefit incidence analysis

Health care provider

2004

2010

2016

Diff 2010-2004

Diff 2016-2010

Diff 2016-2004

CI (SE)

CI (SE)

CI (SE)

CI (SE)

CI (SE)

CI (SE)

All health facilities

0.084a***

(0.014)

0.114a***

(0.021)

0.068a***

(0.015)

0.03

(0.025)

-0.046*

(0.026)

-0.016

(0.021)

Public health facilities

0.047a***

(0.013)

0.082a***

(0.023)

0.007c

(0.011)

0.035

(0.027)

-0.075***

(0.026)

-0.040*

(0.018)

CHAM health facilities

0.209a***

(0.04)

0.241a**

(0.093)

0.196a***

(0.045)

0.032

(0.102)

-0.045

(0.103)

-0.013

(0.062)

Private health facilities+

0.270a**

(0.125)

0.266a***

(0.083)

0.282a***

0.034

-0.004

(0.150)

0.016

(0.090)

0.012

(0.130)

  1. Note : CI concentration index, SE standard errors; dominance test: a = dominance, b= non-dominance, c= concentration curve and line of equality cross; +: for private health facilities, only the OOP expenditure was included
  2. *, **, *** statistically significant at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively