Horizontal inequity in the utilisation of Continuum of Maternal Health care Services (CMHS) in India: an investigation of ten years of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)

Gandhi, Sumirtha; Dash, Umakant; Suresh Babu, M.

doi:10.1186/s12939-021-01602-3

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 1 Descriptive Statistics

From: Horizontal inequity in the utilisation of Continuum of Maternal Health care Services (CMHS) in India: an investigation of ten years of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)

List of Covariates	2005–2006		2015–2016
List of Covariates	Mean	Std. Dev	Mean	Std. Dev
*Non-need based factors/ illegitimate factors*
*Household Size* (Ref: Greater than 6)
Less than 6 Members	0.589	0.492	0.618	0.486
*Number of Under-five* (Ref: Greater than 2)
Less than or equal to two children	0.129	0.335	0.441	0.497
*Residence* (Ref: Rural)
Urban	0.377	0.485	0.760	0.427
*Mother’s Education* (Ref: No Education)
Primary Education	0.144	0.351	0.141	0.348
Secondary Education	0.384	0.486	0.463	0.499
Higher Education	0.085	0.279	0.103	0.304
*Media Exposure* (Ref: No Media)
Access to at least 1 medium of information	0.635	0.482	0.646	0.478
*Caste^a (Ref: SC)*
ST	0.158	0.364	0.193	0.395
OBC	0.336	0.472	0.392	0.488
Others	0.298	0.457	0.229	0.420
*Community Educational Status* (Ref: Low)
High	0.397	0.489	0.514	0.500
*Age at Marriage* (Ref: Less than 17)
18–23	0.418	0.493	0.529	0.499
24–34	0.092	0.289	0.114	0.318
Above 35	0.002	0.039	0.002	0.041
*Religion* (Ref: Muslim)
Hindu	0.700	0.458	0.729	0.444
Christian	0.094	0.292	0.075	0.263
Others	0.047	0.212	0.042	0.201
*Wealth Index* (Ref: Poorest)
Poor	0.181	0.385	0.232	0.422
Middle	0.203	0.402	0.201	0.401
Rich	0.219	0.414	0.171	0.376
Richest	0.222	0.415	0.145	0.352
*State Group* (Ref: Non-High Focus Group)
High Focus	0.634	0.481	0.755	0.430
*Access Related Barriers* (Ref: No barrier)
Acceptability	0.088	0.284	0.092	0.288
Availability	0.449	0.497	0.549	0.497
Affordability	0.075	0.263	0.074	0.263
*Need based factors/ legitimate factors*
*Birth Order* (Ref: Equal or greater than 4)
Less than 4	0.746	0.435	0.822	0.383
*BMI Status* (Ref: Less than 18.5 & greater than 25)
Less than 18.5 and greater than 25	0.447	0.497	0.615	0.487
*Mother’s Age (Ref: Less than 20)*
20–24	0.308	0.462	0.297	0.457
25–29	0.336	0.472	0.368	0.482
30–34	0.188	0.391	0.195	0.396
35–49	0.108	0.311	0.110	0.313
Total	34,560		1,78,857

Source: Author’s Computation
^a Caste is defined as schedule caste (SC), schedule tribe (ST), other backward caste (OBC), and others. These terms are recognised in the constitution of India

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ISSN: 1475-9276

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