Family doctor contract services and health-related quality of life among patients with chronic diseases in rural China: what is the role of socioeconomic status?

Li, Zhixian; Li, Jie; Fu, Peipei; Chen, Yan; Jing, Zhengyue; Yuan, Yemin; Yang, Shijun; Yan, Chen; Li, Wenjuan; Li, Jie; Gui, Zhen; Zhou, Chengchao

doi:10.1186/s12939-021-01530-2

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 3 The relationship between contracting status and HRQOL among chronic patients with different SES in rural Shandong, China, 2018

From: Family doctor contract services and health-related quality of life among patients with chronic diseases in rural China: what is the role of socioeconomic status?

Characteristic	Model 1:no interaction			Model 2:Income × contracting status			Model 3:Educational attainment × contracting status
Characteristic	P-value	Coefficient	95%CI	P-value	Coefficient	95%CI	P-value	Coefficient	95%CI
Contracting status
No		Ref			Ref			Ref
Yes	0.013	0.042	(0.008,0.075)	0.543	-0.020	(-0.083,0.044)	0.002	0.171	(0.064,0.277)
Household income ^a
Q1		Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	0.796	0.005	(-0.036,0.047)	0.632	0.011	(-0.036,0.058)	0.762	0.006	(-0.035,0.047)
Q3	0.636	0.010	(-0.032,0.052)	0.714	0.009	(-0.039,0.057)	0.617	0.011	(-0.031,0.053)
Q4	0.005	0.062	(0.018,0.105)	0.000	0.090	(0.039,0.140)	0.005	0.063	(0.019,0.106)
Educational attainment
Primary education or below		Ref			Ref			Ref
Junior education	0.001	0.064	(0.026,0.102)	0.001	0.064	(0.026,0.102)	0.002	0.073	(0.028,0.117)
Senior education or above	0.007	0.079	(0.021,0.1)	0.006	0.080	(0.023,0.138)	0.461	0.027	(-0.044,0.098)
Gender
Male		Ref			Ref			Ref
Female	0.017	-0.054	(-0.097,-0.010)	0.023	-0.050	(-0.095,0.007)	0.014	-0.055	(-0.985,-0.011)
Age
< 50		Ref			Ref			Ref
50–59	0.175	-0.041	(-0.100,0.018)	0.171	-0.041	(-0.100,0.178)	0.236	-0.036	(-0.095,0.023)
60–69	0.071	-0.054	(-0.011,0.005)	0.065	-0.055	(-0.114,0.003)	0.092	-0.050	(-0.109,0.008)
≥ 70	0.507	-0.023	(-0.090,0.044)	0.470	-0.025	(-0.091,0.042)	0.595	-0.018	(-0.085,0.049)
Multiple chronic diseases
No		Ref			Ref			Ref
Yes	0.000	-0.067	(-0.099,-0.035)	0.000	-0.068	(-0.100,-0.036)	0.000	-0.069	(-0.101,-0.036)
Employment status
Unemployed		Ref			Ref			Ref
Employed	0.000	0.095	(0.061,0.129)	0.000	0.095	(0.060,0.129)	0.000	0.096	(0.062,0.131)
Drinking status
Never drinkers		Ref			Ref			Ref
Former drinkers	0.118	-0.043	(-0.097,0.011)	0.135	-0.041	(-0.095,0.013)	0.116	-0.043	(-0.097,0.011)
Current drinkers	0.299	0.025	(-0.022,0.073)	0.271	0.027	(-0.021,0.074)	0.269	0.026	(-0.021,0.074)
Physical exercise
No		Ref			Ref			Ref
Yes	0.000	-0.057	(-0.087,-0.027)	0.000	-0.057	(-0.087,-0.027)	0.000	-0.057	(-0.087,-0.027)
Marital status
Single		Ref			Ref			Ref
Married	0.259	0.077	(-0.057,0.211)	0.257	0.077	(-0.056,0.211)	0.270	0.075	(-0.058,0.209)
Others ^b	0.591	0.036	(-0.100,0.170)	0.570	0.038	(-0.094,0.171)	0.579	0.037	(-0.095,0.170)
Family members
1		Ref			Ref			Ref	Ref
2	0.623	-0.017	(-0.011,0.069)	0.633	-0.016	(-0.083,0.051)	0.755	-0.012	(-0.079,0.055)
3	0.966	0.002	(-0.013,0.072)	0.959	0.002	(-0.072,0.076)	0.897	0.005	(-0.069,0.079)
≥ 4	0.377	0.031		0.360	0.032	(-0.036,0.998)	0.349	0.033	(-0.036,0.101)
Income × contracting status
Q1 × contracted				0.042	0.095	(0.004,0.187)
Q2 × contracted				0.156	0.066	(-0.025,0.157)
Q3 × contracted				0.052	0.088	(-0.001,0.177)
Educational attainment × contracting status
Primary education or below × contracted							0.020	-0.135	(-0.249,-0.022)
Junior education × contracted							0.011	-0.161	(-0.286,-0.038)

Note:HRQOL Health-related quality of life, SES Socioeconomic status, SES Socioeconomic status
^a Q1 was the poorest and Q4 was the richest
^b Others include those who are divorced and widowed

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