Table 4 Percentage of the children under-five who had anthropometric failure by their maternal, birth and socio-demographic characteristics
Covariates | Composite indicator of anthropometric failure (CIAF) | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
% (95% CI) | p-value | n | % (95% CI) | |
Household Characteristics | ||||
Wealth Index | < 0.001 | |||
Poorest | 63.1 (60.2–65.8) | 2391 | 19.6 (17.3–22.0) | |
Poor | 55.3 (51.8–58.7) | 3613 | 20.1 (18.7–21.5) | |
Middle | 49.5 (47.2–51.8) | 5734 | 19.9 (18.7–21.1) | |
Rich | 42.4 (40.3–44.4) | 7931 | 20.0 (18.8–21.3) | |
Richest | 31.5 (29.7–33.4) | 10,831 | 20.5 (18.9–22.2) | |
Place of Residence | < 0.001 | |||
Rural | 50.5 (48.9–52.2) | 16,542 | 76.4 (73.8–78.9) | |
Urban | 40.6 (38.9–42.4) | 13,958 | 23.6 (21.1–26.2) | |
Caste | < 0.001 | |||
Scheduled Caste/Tribe | 52.7 (50.9–54.6) | 11,347 | 35.6 (33.3–38.1) | |
Others/OBC | 45.7 (44.0–47.4) | 19,153 | 64.4 (61.9–66.7) | |
Maternal Covariates | ||||
Mother’s BMI | < 0.001 | |||
Underweight | 59.1 (56.8–61.3) | 5683 | 28.1 (26.8–29.4) | |
Normal | 47.2 (45.4–48.9) | 17,662 | 56.6 (55.4–57.7) | |
Overweight/obese | 32.1 (30.1–34.3) | 7155 | 15.4 (14.3–16.5) | |
Mother’s Education | < 0.001 | |||
No education | 60.1 (57.8–62.3) | 5617 | 30.4 (28.2–32.6) | |
Educated | 43.0 (41.6–44.4) | 24,883 | 69.6 (67.4–71.8) | |
Mother’s Employment Status | < 0.001 | |||
Not working | 46.0 (44.5–47.6) | 23,274 | 76.0 (74.3–77.6) | |
Working | 55.1 (53.0–57.2) | 7226 | 24.0 (22.4–25.7) | |
Mother’s Age | < 0.001 | |||
< 25 years | 47.9 (46.0–49.9) | 8442 | 33.3 (32.1–34.6) | |
> =25 years | 48.3 (46.8–49.9) | 22,058 | 66.6 (65.4–67.8) | |
Mother’s Access to Information | < 0.001 | |||
No | 57.5 (55.5–59.5) | 6980 | 39.7 (37.1–42.4) | |
Yes | 42.1 (40.6–43.6) | 23,520 | 60.3 (57.6–62.9) | |
Mother’s Parity | < 0.001 | |||
1–2 | 45.8 (44.3–47.2) | 23,847 | 72.3 (70.8–73.7) | |
3 or more | 54.6 (52.5–56.6) | 6653 | 27.7 (26.3–29.2) | |
Child Covariates | ||||
Age (in years) | 0.021 | |||
0–2 | 47.8 (46.1–49.4) | 17,943 | 59.5 (58.3–60.6) | |
2–4 | 48.8 (46.8–50.9) | 12,557 | 40.5 (39.4–41.7) | |
Sex | 0.011 | |||
Male | 48.5 (46.7–50.2) | 16,062 | 52.0 (50.8–53.2) | |
Female | 47.9 (46.1–49.7) | 14,438 | 48.0 (46.8–49.2) | |
Morbidity in Past 2 Weeks | < 0.001 | |||
No | 46.0 (44.4–47.6) | 17,385 | 50.7 (49.2–52.2) | |
Yes | 50.5 (48.6–52.4) | 13,115 | 49.3 (47.8–50.8) | |