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Table 3 Wagstaff inequality indices for the prevalence of NCDs by income and education (N = 11,527)

From: Socioeconomic determinants and inequalities in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia

 

Income

Education

Index estimate

95 % CI

Index estimate

95 % CI

National level

0.003

(–0.020 to 0.025)

–0.338***

(–0.358 to − 0.316)

Gender

    

Female

–0.128***

(–0.160 to − 0.095)

–0.513***

(–0.541 to 0.484)

Male

0.113***

(0.083 to 0.144)

–0.173***

(–0.203 to − 0.144)

Regions

    

Riyadh

0.002

(–0.056 to 0.061)

–0.202***

(–0.259 to − 0.145)

Albaha

–0.098**

(–0.181 to − 0.015)

–0.434***

(–0.511 to − 0.357)

Aljouf

–0.123*

(–0.253 to 0.009)

–0.298***

(–0.425 to − 0.171)

Aseer

0.049

(–0.053 to 0.151)

–0.352***

(–0.446 to − 0.253)

Eastern Region

–0.044

(–0.115 to 0.028)

–0.310***

(–0.377 to − 0.243)

Haiel

0.095**

(0.001 to 0.188)

–0.542***

(–0.625 to 0.459)

Jazan

–0.084

(–0.196 to 0.029)

–0.412***

(–0.518 to − 0.305)

Madenah

–0.190***

(–0.272 to − 0.107)

–0.585***

(–0.658 to − 0.513)

Mekkah

–0.076***

(–0.128 to 0.024)

–0.276***

(–0.326 to − 0.225)

Najran

–0.112

(–0.248 to 0.024)

–0.550***

(–0.672 to − 0.428)

Northern Border

0.333***

(0.180 to 0.484)

–0.253***

(–0.404 to 0.102)

Qassim

0.147***

(0.083 to 0.209)

–0.233***

(–0.294 to − 0.172)

Tabuk

–0.122***

(–0.203 to − 0.041)

–0.611***

(–0.679 to − 0.542)

  1. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1