Cultural adaptation of health interventions including a nutrition component in Indigenous peoples: a systematic scoping review

Table 3 Summary of Intervention chracteristics and cultural adaptation strategies (n = 66)

Study Characteristic	n (%)	(%)
Level of Intervention
Individual only	12	18.2
Community only	2	3.0
System only	2	3.0
Individual + Community	32	48.5
Individual + System	2	3.0
Community + System	9	13.6
Individual + Community + System	7	10.6
Level of Community Input on design
None	16	24.2
Minimal	21	31.8
Maximal	29	43.9
Formative research cited
Population level	28	42.4
Community level	6	9.1
Both	22	33.3
None	10	15.2
Intervention based on Behavior change theory
None reported	47	71.2
Social cognitive theory	7	10.6
Social learning theory	3	4.5
Multiple therories	9	13.6
Number of cultural strategies employed^a
1 strategy	1	1.5
2 strategies	8	12.1
3 strategies	23	34.8
4 strategies	22	33.3
5 strategies	12	18.2
Cultural sensitivities employed by category^b
Surface only	12	19.7
Deep only	3	3.0
Both surface and deep	51	77.3

ISSN: 1475-9276