Skip to main content

Table 4 Factors associated with old-age premium exemption among older persons (70 years and above) in Ghana

From: Towards universal access to healthcare for older adults: an assessment of the old-age exemption policy under Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme

Variable [Reference Category]

Odds ratio [95% CI]p-value

Age

1.052 [1.029, 1.076]***

Sex[Male]

 Female

1.011 [0.702, 1.458]

Marital status[In union]

 Not in union

0.933 [0.663, 1.314]

Religious Denomination[No religion/Traditionalist]

 Christian

0.908 [0.599, 1.377]

 Muslim

0.663 [0.407, 1.082]

Ever attended school[Yes]

 No

1.372 [0.944, 1.994]

Health status[No illness/injury]

 Experienced illness/injury

1.453 [1.053, 2.006]*

Income quintiles[5(Richest)]

 1 (Poorest)

0.874 [0.322, 2.373]

 2

0.815 [0.486, 1.369]

 3

1.308 [0.796, 2.147]

 4

1.327 [0.802, 2.193]

Place of residence[Urban]

 Rural

0.581 [0.405, 0.833]**

Region of residence[Greater Accra]

 Western

4.603 [2.102, 10.079]***

 Central

3.817 [1.627, 8.954]**

 Volta

2.982 [1.379, 6.448]**

 Eastern

7.344 [3.299, 16.350]***

 Ashanti

3.196 [1.417, 7.207]**

 Brong Ahafo

7.254 [3.325, 15.829]***

 Northern

1.950 [0.806, 4.714]

 Upper East

7.111 [3.210, 15.754]***

 Upper West

3.715 [1.649, 8.370]**

Poverty status of region[Very poor]

 Poor

0.924 [0.567, 1.506]

 Non-poor

0.665 [0.235, 1.879]

  1. The regression model accounts for clustering and robust standard errors
  2. *p < 0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001