Table 2 GEE analyses of all-cause mortality rate (%) in 2000 and 2010
independent variables | model 1 | model 2 | model 3 | model 4 | model 5 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | |
year 2010 (vs. 2000) | −0.27*** | (−0.33, −0.21) | −0.27*** | (−0.32, −0.21) | −0.21*** | (−0.30, −0.13) | −0.37*** | (−0.46, −0.28) | − 0.37*** | (− 0.46, − 0.28) |
Eastern (vs. Western) | −0.08 | (− 0.20, 0.05) | −0.07 | (−0.18, 0.04) | ||||||
Northeastern (vs. Western) | − 0.70*** | (− 0.89, − 0.51) | −0.27*** | (− 0.41, − 0.12) | ||||||
Central (vs. Western) | −0.38*** | (− 0.51, − 0.26) | − 0.26*** | (− 0.37, − 0.16) | ||||||
urban (vs. rural) | −1.62*** | (−1.76, −1.49) | −0.59*** | (− 0.75, − 0.43) | ||||||
suburban (vs. rural) | −0.68*** | (−0.80, − 0.55) | − 0.47*** | (− 0.58, − 0.37) | ||||||
Interaction | ||||||||||
Western x rural | Ref. | |||||||||
Eastern x urban | −0.77*** | (− 1.02, −0.52) | ||||||||
Eastern x suburban | −0.58*** | (−0.75, − 0.41) | ||||||||
Eastern x rural | −0.18** | (−0.30, − 0.05) | ||||||||
Northeastern x urban | −0.47** | (−0.80, − 0.14) | ||||||||
Northeastern x suburban | −0.55*** | (−0.79, − 0.31) | ||||||||
Northeastern x rural | −0.69*** | (−0.88, − 0.50) | ||||||||
Central x urban | −0.93*** | (−1.17, − 0.68) | ||||||||
Central x suburban | −0.69*** | (−0.89, − 0.49f) | ||||||||
Central x rural | −0.38*** | (−0.49g, − 0.26) | ||||||||
Western x urban | −0.90*** | (−1.12, − 0.68) | ||||||||
Western x suburban | −0.99*** | (−1.20, − 0.79) | ||||||||
high school education or above (%) | −0.06*** | (−0.07, − 0.05) | −0.04*** | (− 0.05, − 0.04) | −0.04*** | (− 0.05, − 0.04) | ||||
migrant (%) | −0.01*** | (−0.02, − 0.01) | −0.01*** | (− 0.02, − 0.01) | −0.01*** | (− 0.01, 0.00) | ||||
aged under 5 (%) | 0.02*** | (0.01, 0.03) | 0.01*** | (0.01, 0.02) | 0.01*** | (0.00, 0.02) | ||||
aged over 65 (%) | 0.27*** | (0.25, 0.29) | 0.27*** | (0.25, 0.29) | 0.26*** | (0.24, 0.28) | ||||
population density | −0.00 a | (0.00, 0.00) | −0.00 b | (0.00, 0.00) | −0.00 c | (0.00, 0.00) | ||||
female-to-male ratio (%) | 0.01 | (0.00, 0.02) | 0.01*** | (0.01, 0.02) | 0.02*** | (0.01, 0.02) | ||||
minority (%) | 0.01*** | (0.00, 0.01) | 0.00*** d | (0.00, 0.01) | 0.00*** e | (0.00, 0.01) | ||||