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Table 1 Average absolute annual changes (AAAC) in percentage points in the prevalence of breast milk and formula consumption indicators by mother’s formal education level. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

From: Maternal education and equity in breastfeeding: trends and patterns in 81 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2019

Indicator

Formal education level

None

Primary

Secondary or higher

AAAC

95% CI

P

AAAC

95% CI

P

AAAC

95% CI

P

Early initiation of breastfeeding

1.11

0.53

1.69

< 0.001

0.99

0.52

1.47

< 0.001

0.74

0.41

1.07

< 0.001

Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months

0.69

0.38

1.00

< 0.001

0.81

0.55

1.07

< 0.001

1.02

0.79

1.24

< 0.001

Continued breastfeeding at 1 year

-0.19

−0.37

− 0.02

0.030

− 0.10

− 0.22

0.03

0.118

0.07

−0.11

0.24

0.456

Continued breastfeeding at 2 years

−0.26

−0.51

− 0.02

0.037

− 0.23

−0.42

− 0.05

0.012

0.04

−0.16

0.24

0.689

Formula consumption under 6 months

0.00

−0.10

0.10

0.963

−0.05

−0.20

0.10

0.522

−0.17

−0.35

0.02

0.074

Formula consumption between 6 and 23 months

−0.11

− 0.25

0.03

0.126

−0.19

− 0.37

−0.01

0.041

−0.26

− 0.55

0.03

0.076

  1. Bold figures represent statistical significance at P < 0.05.